园艺外文文献

本刊向全国人大代表、政协委员、省部级领导、中央党校学员国家行政学院学员、国有大中型企业总裁送阅。主题 推介焦点人物、展现名仕生活、领略大家智慧、感受创业历程。 特色 权威性、独特性、前瞻性、影响性、故事性。 政治：报道符合杂志主题，在政治领域做出卓越贡献，或者在其政治岗位上一心为民，政绩斐然的政治人物。经济：报道符合杂志主题，在经济领域做出卓越贡献，或者在其所在领域与地区具有一定的影响力，热爱祖国、心系大众的海内外经济人物。科教： 报道符合杂志主题、活跃在各艺术领域，或者在其所在领域与地区具有一定的影响力，在艺术演绎水平上有一定造诣和成就或热点的海内外文化界人物；在教育领域中有突出贡献，为国家发展建设培养诸多人才，人格高尚的海内外教育界人物。体育：报道符合杂志主题，为我国体育事业作出突出贡献或推动了我国体育事业推广的海内外体育界人物。生活：报道符合杂志主题，社会广泛关注，能够引导社会良性发展的社会各界人物及任务背后传奇故事。文艺：报道符合杂志主题，为我国文艺事业作出突出贡献或推动了我国文艺事业推广的海内外表演艺术家。艺术：报道符合杂志主题，德艺双馨的在书画、油画及收藏等艺术领域有一定的影响力，在艺术水平上有一定造诣和成就的海内外艺术界人物。投稿邮箱：来信请寄：北京市海淀区颐和园路35号1号院（颐和园升平署） 邮编：100091咨询电话：010-62886968 010-62868428 传真：010-62868448杂志官方网站：

论文的写作格式、流程与写作技巧 广义来说，凡属论述科学技术内容的作品，都称作科学著述，如原始论著（论文）、简报、综合报告、进展报告、文献综述、述评、专著、汇编、教科书和科普读物等。但其中只有原始论著及其简报是原始的、主要的、第一性的、涉及到创造发明等知识产权的。其它的当然也很重要，但都是加工的、发展的、为特定应用目的和对象而撰写的。下面仅就论文的撰写谈一些体会。在讨论论文写作时也不准备谈有关稿件撰写的各种规定及细则。主要谈的是论文写作中容易发生的问题和经验，是论文写作道德和书写内容的规范问题。论文写作的要求下面按论文的结构顺序依次叙述。(一)论文——题目科学论文都有题目，不能“无题”。论文题目一般20字左右。题目大小应与内容符合，尽量不设副题，不用第1报、第2报之类。论文题目都用直叙口气，不用惊叹号或问号，也不能将科学论文题目写成广告语或新闻报道用语。(二)论文——署名科学论文应该署真名和真实的工作单位。主要体现责任、成果归属并便于后人追踪研究。严格意义上的论文作者是指对选题、论证、查阅文献、方案设计、建立方法、实验操作、整理资料、归纳总结、撰写成文等全过程负责的人，应该是能解答论文的有关问题者。现在往往把参加工作的人全部列上，那就应该以贡献大小依次排列。论文署名应征得本人同意。学术指导人根据实际情况既可以列为论文作者，也可以一般致谢。行政领导人一般不署名。(三)论文——引言 是论文引人入胜之言，很重要，要写好。一段好的论文引言常能使读者明白你这份工作的发展历程和在这一研究方向中的位置。要写出论文立题依据、基础、背景、研究目的。要复习必要的文献、写明问题的发展。文字要简练。(四)论文——材料和方法 按规定如实写出实验对象、器材、动物和试剂及其规格，写出实验方法、指标、判断标准等，写出实验设计、分组、统计方法等。这些按杂志 对论文投稿规定办即可。(五)论文——实验结果 应高度归纳，精心分析，合乎逻辑地铺述。应该去粗取精，去伪存真，但不能因不符合自己的意图而主观取舍，更不能弄虚作假。只有在技术不熟练或仪器不稳定时期所得的数据、在技术故障或操作错误时所得的数据和不符合实验条件时所得的数据才能废弃不用。而且必须在发现问题当时就在原始记录上注明原因，不能在总结处理时因不合常态而任意剔除。废弃这类数据时应将在同样条件下、同一时期的实验数据一并废弃，不能只废弃不合己意者。实验结果的整理应紧扣主题，删繁就简，有些数据不一定适合于这一篇论文，可留作它用，不要硬行拼凑到一篇论文中。论文行文应尽量采用专业术语。能用表的不要用图，可以不用图表的最好不要用图表，以免多占篇幅，增加排版困难。文、表、图互不重复。实验中的偶然现象和意外变故等特殊情况应作必要的交代，不要随意丢弃。(六)论文——讨论 是论文中比较重要，也是比较难写的一部分。应统观全局，抓住主要的有争议问题，从感性认识提高到理性认识进行论说。要对实验结果作出分析、推理，而不要重复叙述实验结果。应着重对国内外相关文献中的结果与观点作出讨论，表明自己的观点，尤其不应回避相对立的观点。 论文的讨论中可以提出假设，提出本题的发展设想，但分寸应该恰当，不能写成“科幻”或“畅想”。(七)论文——结语或结论 论文的结语应写出明确可靠的结果，写出确凿的结论。论文的文字应简洁，可逐条写出。不要用“小结”之类含糊其辞的词。(八)论文——参考义献 这是论文中很重要、也是存在问题较多的一部分。列出论文参考文献的目的是让读者了解论文研究命题的来龙去脉，便于查找，同时也是尊重前人劳动，对自己的工作有准确的定位。因此这里既有技术问题，也有科学道德问题。一篇论文中几乎自始至终都有需要引用参考文献之处。如论文引言中应引上对本题最重要、最直接有关的文献;在方法中应引上所采用或借鉴的方法；在结果中有时要引上与文献对比的资料；在讨论中更应引上与 论文有关的各种支持的或有矛盾的结果或观点等。一切粗心大意，不查文献；故意不引，自鸣创新；贬低别人，抬高自己；避重就轻，故作姿态的做法都是错误的。而这种现象现在在很多论文中还是时有所见的，这应该看成是利研工作者的大忌。其中，不查文献、漏掉重要文献、故意不引别人文献或有意贬损别人工作等错误是比较明显、容易发现的。有些做法则比较隐蔽，如将该引在引言中的，把它引到讨论中。这就将原本是你论文的基础或先导，放到和你论文平起平坐的位置。又如 科研工作总是逐渐深人发展的，你的工作总是在前人工作基石出上发展起来做成的。正确的写法应是，某年某人对本题做出了什么结果，某年某人在这基础上又做出了什么结果，现在我在他们基础上完成了这一研究。这是实事求是的态度，这样表述丝毫无损于你的贡献。有些论文作者却不这样表述，而是说，某年某人做过本题没有做成，某年某人又做过本题仍没有做成，现在我做成了。这就不是实事求是的态度。这样有时可以糊弄一些不明真相的外行人，但只需内行人一戳，纸老虎就破，结果弄巧成拙，丧失信誉。这种现象在现实生活中还是不少见的。(九)论文——致谢 论文的指导者、技术协助者、提供特殊试剂或器材者、经费资助者和提出过重要建议者都属于致谢对象。论文致谢应该是真诚的、实在的，不要庸俗化。不要泛泛地致谢、不要只谢教授不谢旁人。写论文致谢前应征得被致谢者的同意，不能拉大旗作虎皮。(十)论文——摘要或提要：以200字左右简要地概括论文全文。常放篇首。论文摘要需精心撰写，有吸引力。要让读者看了论文摘要就像看到了论文的缩影，或者看了论文摘要就想继续看论文的有关部分。此外，还应给出几个关键词，关键词应写出真正关键的学术词汇，不要硬凑一般性用词。

可以去sciencedirect，springerlink等外文数据库下载或者到知网，维普等中文数据库下载很多的校园网内免费获取校园网外可以利用google学术搜索，有部分能免费下载

吊兰又称垂盆草、桂兰、钩兰、折鹤兰，西欧又叫蜘蛛草或飞机草，为百合科吊兰属多年生常绿观叶植物。 吊兰为宿根草本，具簇生的圆柱形肥大须根和根状茎。叶基生，条形至条状披针形，狭长，柔韧似兰，长20—45厘米、宽l一2厘米，顶端长、渐尖；基部抱茎，着生于短茎上。吊兰的最大特点在于成熟的植株会不时长出走茎，走茎长30—60厘米，先端均会长出小植株。花亭细长，长于叶，弯垂；总状花序单一或分枝，有时还在花序上部节上簇生长2—8厘米的条形叶丛；花白色，数朵一簇，疏离地散生在花序轴。花期在春夏间，室内冬季也可开花。目前吊兰的园艺品种除了纯绿叶之外，还有大叶吊兰、金心吊兰和金边吊兰三种。前两者的叶缘绿色，而叶的中间为黄白色；金边吊兰则相反，绿叶的边缘两侧镶有黄白色的条纹。其中大叶吊兰的株型较大，叶片较宽大，叶色柔和，属于高雅的室内观叶植物。 吊兰原产非洲南部，在世界各地广为栽培。其性喜温暖湿润、半阴的环境。它适应性强，较耐旱、耐寒。不择土壤，在疏松的砂质壤土中生长较佳。对光线要求不严，一船适宜在中等光线条件下生长，亦耐弱光。生长适温为15—25℃，越冬温度为5℃。

1\Designing your own panorama, could be each exciting and If you are contemplating such a mission, listed here are some practical ideas and Planning the ProjectPlanning your landscape design is the first and most vital Take the time to assemble the data you will want to make your decisions on the weather you wish to include in your landscape Will you want a deck, patio, foot paths, walkways, a pond? What sort of plants, timber, flowers, and ground cover will you want to use? You need to research books, articles, and landscape design magazines that will help you make these It will pay off in the end by saving you cash, time, and frustration, enabeling you find yourself with a beautifully completed mission to be proud The DesignThe landscape design is your subsequent You will need to make a structure of the realm to be landscaped, as close to scale as possible, and with accurate Many landscape design planning guides that provides you with step-by-step instructions can be found on the internet without spending a dime, and books or eBooks are As soon as your panorama design structure is done you’ll be able to started to position your components on the layout This should be your first or preliminary plan and as you progess, modifications will be transfered to your secondary or updated Altering your thoughts usually is simply After all this is just on paper at this point and you haven’t spent any money or performed any labor Experimenting with a few plans is critical before you come up the final landscape A properly planned landscape won’t ever look the same in numerous Plan your panorama design to change with the You must try to design your landscape as maintenance free as Panorama Design Software programIf it is onerous for you to visualize your finished panorama design by simply taking a look at your format, there is some excellent landscape design software A lot of the landscape design software was originally developed for skilled landscapers, however since has been modified for the beginner who needs to do-it- There are a lot of do-it-yourslef panorama design software program applications out there Panorama design software permits you to see a digital picture of the landscape design and allows you to transfer gadgets round and see the changes you make come to Some software means that you can import a photograph of your property or constructing and designs the panorama across the Most landscape design software packages offer advise on using and putting the numerous completely different components obtainable right now in your landscape A properly designed panorama will all the time change with time, abd a number of the landscape design software program obtainable will mean you can view your panorama because it You may see what it’s going to seem like 5 or 10 years from now when the bushes have grown and the plants GardensMany people prefer to incorparate a garden of their landscape Gardens may be tucked away in the nook of an space, or be the point of interest of the entire panorama Gardens can even be stragecly positioned among the plants, flowers and trees so they mix in with your entire landscape If you like to backyard, dont overlook all of the garden design possiblities when planning your landscape If you want extra info with regard to landscape architect los angeles, pay a visit to Demitri Sanromartin’s internet site without delay2\We are all ready to invest large amounts of money on landscaping in order to give a face lift to our But we didn’t prune enough or at all when our lawn needed it, making our prized lawns and gardens looking worse than This is the best time to start getting ready and preparing your lawn for beautiful For your garden to have a longer life span, take the following tips into Plenty of individuals would love to have a garden that has a lot of stunning hydrangeas or azaleas growing This particular goal takes a good deal of time and effort, nevertheless, so if you’re amongst those individuals who would like to achieve it, you’ll need to work very hard beginning right Fundamental Garden LandscapingStarting small is without doubt the method to use, particularly if you happen to be a beginner in this particular One of the things you should focus on to start with will be the choice of plants you want to cultivate, flowers, trees, or maybe even It is clearly sensible to decide on plants that do not need an excessive amount of maintenance but when you are confident enough in relation to your gardening skills, roses, orchids, and bonsai trees offer great Getting the soil ready is very important to ensure that you will be able to grow beautiful things in your Using organic fertilizers often is the preferred strategy to use since they will not present any kind of threat to the environment or to human Becoming acquainted with different kinds of organic fertilizers such as horse manure or steer manure can enable you to do a good job in preparing the garden soil for great growing Structures and DecorNaturally, a vibrant and nicely decorated lawn is really what you’ll want which involves various garden landscaping options including water fountains, fencing, and The strategy is to integrate as much of your own personality into your design so as to make it a little haven that is not just lovely to view but also is a quintessential reflection of Outdoor furniture is a very common garden landscaping feature which also happens to be very When you have the area to hold a complete set, you might as well go for it, especially when you want to have a proper place for your guests during the day if the sun is out but it is not too Patio and Garden Lighting FixturesAdequate illumination can be a large part of designing your The patio is where it all begins so you might wish to buy a good set of sconces or wall lights which illuminate the area and highlight its naturally Garden lighting is encouraged not just for functional purposes but also for displaying the best features of the space even at UpkeepTo be able to continue to keep the garden in excellent shape, it is crucial to understand its needs like routine and controlled watering, tilling, mowing, and weed Watering needs to be season and weather appropriate because gardens that are way too dry or too wet will never flourish so make sure that you adjust Mark Vaccaro researches and writes extensively on the best practices in online Some articles that I recommend reading can be found on the topics of 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