词：商榷，理智，客观，主观短语：从根本上说，然而这是不可取的句子：具体情况要具体分析大概这些，还有很多的
作为一名英专生，我答的就是如何将高级英语词汇用到作文中啦。首先，你的单词量要大，背的生词以及高级词汇要多，这样子才能避免将一些低级单词运用到作文中，要学会用高级词汇去代替。推荐一个app，词根词缀字典，是英英注释的哦，我觉得蛮好用。如何使作文变得高级呢？第一，高级词汇使用上，使用一些很有地道的单词，才能很好抓住老师的眼球。第二，尽量使用词组还有习语代替单词从而增加文章的风采，多用从句。第三呢，避免重复使用同一单词还有短语，这样会使文章变得冗长而且单调，多用些连词连句使得文章紧凑，这样子我们就能写好一篇作文。总而言之，还是要多背单词，多积累一些地道的短语，学语言并不是那么简单的一件事！
在高中生面前，高级词汇并不多。恰当的使用可以使作文成绩辉煌。至于使用高级词汇，这与使用普通词汇是一样的。当然，你需要确保拼写正确，否则会适得其反。例如，为了庆祝一个节日，你可以用一个非常直接的翻译“happy greet”，但你也可以用一个词“celerate”。这不是一个直接的翻译，但它更真实，这自然会显示你的英语技能。顺便说一下，给房东一点建议。高中作文的第一个要求是语法和拼写的正确性，每一个错误扣一分。其次，你可以使用一些肯定是正确的条款，使文章看起来不那么枯燥。这很简单。平时多背几个句子就行了。第三是使用一些高级词汇~1注意用短语和习语来代替一些词汇，以增加文雅。例如，用“用”代替“用”，用“看”代替“看”等。阅读更多相应级别的文章，最好是背诵。此外，如果你读得更多，你会发现这些单词不在高级水平，但在隧道2中使用一些外国单词感谢你与我们分享时间（使用share而不是spend）他看待世界的方式很实际。（使用查看而不是查看）那噪音几乎把我逼疯了。（使用驱动器而不是make）避免重复使用同一个单词或短语例如，我喜欢阅读，而我弟弟喜欢看电视
●表示比较和对照关系的句型：1) A is to B what/ as C is to D(A之于B犹如C之于D)2) Just , 3) A and B have sth in 4) A is similar to B5) The same is true of,The same can be said of(……也是如此)6) The advantages of A are much greater than B7) compared with B, A has many 8) The advantages outweigh the disadvantages(利大于弊)9) Wonderful as A is, however, it has its own disadvantages 10) Although A enjoys considerable advantage , it can not compete with B 11) Contrary to widely accepted views, I believe 12) What people fail to consider is 13) It is one thing to insist , it is quite another to show 14) Nothing can rival…(……是无与伦比的)15) …has drawbacks as well as 16) A is superior(inferior) to B17) varies from person to person(……是因人而异的)18) A is just the opposite (to B) 19) A differs from B in that…(A不同于B在于……)20) …is not the same (as)●过渡性句型： 1) this is true 2) This is true, no doubt, 3) 4) It is one thing ; it is another ●描写图表和数据的句型1) rank first (both) 2) in proportion 3) A is by far the 4) As many 5) The number is imes as much as that of 6) The figure has nearly doubled/tripled, as against that of last 7) It accounts for 35% 8) By comparison with , it decreased/increased/fell 9) ise rapidly(slowly)10) ain 11) ach 12)There is a slight/slow/steady/rapid rise/increase /////decrease/decline/reduction/fall/drop in13) be on the increase/decrease/rise/decline (……在不断的增加,减少,上升,下降)●图表作文中的过渡、概括句型：1) As can be indicated in the table, 2) As we could find out later, 3) As is revealed in the table,4) As the survey results show,5) This table provides several important points of comparison between,6) The two graphs depict the same thing in 7) The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows:8) According to the figures given in the table, 9) This chart shows that 10) As is shown by the graph, 11) It can be seen from the statistics that 12) It is generally believed /accepted/thought/held ●说明原因的句型:1) There are some/two/many good reasons /to 2) We have two good reasons 3) The reason for is that + 从句4) Among the most convincing reasons given by people , one should be 5) One may think of the trend as a result 6) The change largely results from the fact 7) There are several causes for this significant growth F8) A number of factors could account for the 9) It is no simple task to give the reason for 10) The cause of /reason for higher prices was an increase in 11) Because/As/Now that/Since the demand has increased, the prices are 12) An increase in demand causes/results in/leads to/produces higher 13) The demand has 14) Therefore,/As a result,/For this reason,/Because of this,/Consequently, the prices are 15) If there is an increase in demand, then prices /go //are 16) Different people look in different ●表示不同看法的句型:1) Different people have/hold different opinions/views on the question/problem/ Some believe that ; Others argue that :Still others maintain that 2) They are quite different from each other in their 3) Some people hold the opinion that it is good to 4) They think quite differently on this 5) Opinions vary from individual to individual, from culture to ●表示必须,紧急,有困难做某事的句型:1) It is important (necessary, urgent, difficult, easy, convenient, comfortable, expensive, desirable, advisable) for to do 2) have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing (有困难做某事)●用于文章开头的句型：1) Faced ; quite a few people argue ; But other people conceive 2) There is a general discussion today about the issue ; Those who object argue that ;They believe ; But people who favor , on the other hand, argue that 3) Currently there is a widespread concern 4) Now people in growing number are coming to realize 5) Now it is commonly held that ; they think ; But I doubt 6) Recently the issue has been brought to public 7) One of the great men once said Now more and more people share this 8) Until recently, has been regarded But people are taking a fresh look at 9) S argues/maintains /holds/insists/believes 10) More and more people are realizing /have come to 11) There is no denying/doubt that ●用于文章结尾的句型：1) From what has been discussed above/taking into account all these factors, we may safely arrive at/draw/come to/reach the conclusion that 2) It is high time that we put considerable/great/special emphasis on 3) We must look for all immediate method, because the present situation of , if permitted to continue, will sure lead to/result 4) Many solutions/methods are being offered here, all of them make some sense, but none is quite The problem should be examined in a new 5) There is no immediate solution to the problem , might be helpful/6) No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of , but the general awareness of the necessity/importance might be the first step on the right 7) There is little doubt/denying that 8) It is, therefore, obvious/evident that the task quire immediate 9) As far as be concerned, I believe/think that 10) In conclusion,11) In my opinion, I am in favor of 12) Personally, I prefer 13) In short, should learn ; Only in this way can the most difficult problems be solved 14) As far as I am concerned, I agree with the opinion ●用于论证和说明的句型：1) We may cite/quote/take a single/common example to 2) Our society abounds with the examples of 3) A recent study indicates/suggests/shows 4) According to the statistics provided , it can be seen 5) There is good/sufficient evidence to show 6) This brings out/set forth the important fact that 7) No one can ignore/overlook the fact ●常用谚语 (在议论文中):1) As a popular saying goes, “Every coin has two sides” 2) As a proverb says, “Everything has two sides” On the one hand, physical exercise is good for your On the other hand, if you don t deal with it properly, it will do harm to your So we should look at the matter from two 3) As a proverb says, “Where there is a will there is a ” (有志者事竟成)4) As a popular saying goes, “A man is known by the company he ”(观其交友,知其为人)5) As is known to all, “No pains, no gains”(没有苦,就没有甜)
一、家国二、时代发展三、科技四、榜样五、目标一、家国热血丹心：比喻一片热血，丹心报国。忠君报国：忠诚君主，竭尽全力报效国家。国而忘家：谓为国事而忘其家。肝胆昆仑：比喻赤诚待人。化用谭嗣同《狱中题壁》：我自横刀向天笑，去留肝胆两昆仑。楚囊之情：《左传·襄公十四年》：“楚子囊还自伐吴，卒。将死，遗言谓子庚：‘必城郢！’君子谓子囊忠……将死，不忘卫社稷，可不谓忠乎！”后因以“楚囊之情”谓爱国之情。相忍为国：为了国家的利益而作一定的让步。赤心报国：赤：火红色，比喻真纯；赤心：忠心；报国：为国家效劳。旧指为帝王尽忠效劳。现亦形容赤胆忠心，为国效力。万里长征：征：远行。上万里路的远行。形容极遥远的征程。秦时明月：秦朝时候的明月，可用以增强作文韵味。出自王昌龄《出塞曲》：秦时明月汉时关，万里长征人未还。红日初升：形容朝气蓬勃。出自梁启超《少年中国说》：红日初升，其道大光。二、时代发展时移世易：时代变迁，世事也不一样。时异事殊：时代不同，世事（和以前）也不一样。星移物换：景物改变，星辰移动，比喻时间的变化，也形容时序和世事的变化。江山如旧：风景（环境）还是没有变，但物是人非，人变了，心境变了。常用来感叹世事的变迁。摧枯拉朽：摧折枯朽的草木。形容轻而易举。也比喻摧毁腐朽势力的强大气势。方兴未艾：方：正在；兴：兴起；艾：停止。事物正在发展，尚未达到止境。风起云涌：比喻许多事物迅速发展，声势浩大。也形容雄浑磅礴之势。六合时邕：六合：指上下和东西南北,泛指天下;邕:和睦。指天下和睦。岁月如流：形容时光流逝得非常快，如流水一般。星燧（suì）贸迁：燧：火镜，古代的取火器；贸：交易。比喻岁月变迁。三、科技另开生面：另外创造新的形式或开创新的局面。自我作故：由我创新，不循旧法。蹈袭前人：蹈袭：因袭，沿用。因袭前人，缺乏创新。筚路蓝缕：形容开创新事业的艰难。革故鼎新：指去除旧的，建立新的；革除旧弊,创立新制。多指改朝换代或施政有重大变革等。标新立异：提出新奇的主张，表示与众百不同。别出心裁：另有一种构思或设计。指想出的办法与众不同。独树一帜：树：立；帜：旗帜。单独树起一面旗帜。比喻独特新奇，自成一家。冲云破雾：冲破云层，突破迷雾。比喻突破重重障碍和困难。拔丁抽楔（xiē）：拔出钉子,抽掉楔子。比喻解除困难。四、榜样抗颜为师：抗颜：不看别人脸色，态度严正不屈。为师：为人师表。不为他人所制约，不为潮流所左右，这种意志坚定的人可以作为学习的榜样。抗心希古：抗：通“亢”，高尚；抗心：使志向高尚；希：期望。使自己志节高尚，以古代的贤人为榜样。博古通今：通：通晓；博：广博，知道得多。对古代的事知道得很多，并且通晓现代的事情。形容知识丰富。恪守不渝：严格遵守，决不改变。慈祥和煦：形容人面善亲切，这里用作形容榜样的外貌。虚怀若谷：虚：谦虚；谷：山谷。胸怀像山谷一样深广。形容十分谦虚，能容纳别人的意见。肝胆相照：肝胆：比喻真心诚意、以真心相见、互相坦诚交往共事。从谏如流：听从直言规劝，像水从高处流下一样顺畅。形容乐意接受别人的批评意见。气冲斗牛：牛：牵牛星。斗：北斗星。指天空。原指宝剑的光气射入天际。后指气势很盛。亦作“气冲牛斗”。精神矍（jué）铄：指老人有精神，老而强健不失风采。五、目标矢志不渝：意志坚定，毫不动摇，表示永不变心。一心一德：大家一心一意，为共同目标而努力。抱负不凡：指有远大的志向，不同一般。风云之志：像风云那样雄大高远的志向。蹈厉之志：踏地猛烈。形容舞蹈的动作威武有力。比喻奋发向上的志向。鸿鹄之志：鸿鹄：天鹅，比喻志向远大的人；志：志向。比喻远大志向。宏图大志：指宏伟的计划，远大的志向。凌云之志：高入云霄的志气，形容远大的志向。志美行厉：指志向高远，又能砥砺操行。步月登云：步上月亮，攀登云霄。形容志向远大。
具体的单词 必须根据作文题来筛选。无从说起啊。我给你个经验 赶紧去 网上搜一些经典的 作文模版来背，这样不出意外的话 拿个20分还是没问题的。单词的话 抱佛脚 的话 去翻 张红岩的 此役类记 能看多少看多少 主看 你感兴趣的LIST ，因为这样记得快。
请考虑买Wordly Wise 3000 第一本至第三本。如果你能坚持每天背，那么这足够你(和所有母语不是英语的人）用了。
主题一：道德形容道德高尚半天朱霞：半空中的红霞。比喻人品高尚，超凡脱俗。。涅而不渝：涅，黑泥；渝，改变。用涅染也染不黑。比喻品格高尚，不受恶劣环境的影响。冰壶玉尺：冰壶即冰心玉壶；玉尺即玉制的尺。比喻人品高尚纯洁。抱瑜握瑾： 瑜、瑾指美玉。比喻具有纯洁高尚的品德。霁月光风：意思是指雨过天晴时的明净景象。用以比喻人的品格高尚，胸襟开阔。澧兰沅芷：沅、澧：都是水名；兰、芷：都是香草。比喻高洁的人品或高尚的事物。示例：陈独秀有言：“道德为人类之最高精神作用，维持群益之最大利器。”道德总是能起到规范人们言行的作用，惩恶扬善，每年涌现出的一批批道德模范人物，便是将道德的精神力量投于实践，不断鼓舞着人们。他们在平凡中造就不平凡之举。梁增基面对恶劣的工作和生活环境，涅而不渝，60年痴迷育种事业，一甲子坚守只为“良心”，于一片片黄土沟壑间躬耕，成就国民温饱的金色事业。王振美一生助人为乐，崇德行善，耄耋之年仍毅然捐出50万元成立“振美教育基金”，爱心助学，德厚流光。形容缺少道德的态度或行为寡廉鲜耻：旧指不廉洁，不知耻；现指不知羞耻。以邻为壑：拿邻国当做大水坑，把本国的洪水排泄到那里去。比喻只图自己一方的利益，把困难或祸害转嫁给别人。上下其手：比喻暗中勾结，随意玩弄手法，串通作弊。信口雌黄：不顾事实，随口乱说或妄作评论。口谈道德，志在穿窬 ：嘴上在讲仁义道德，心里却在想着翻墙越壁偷东西。常用以讽刺伪君子。示例：疫情阴影笼罩之下人心惶惶，然而却有人此时仍口谈道德，志在穿窬。一些所谓“砖家”信口雌黄，满口谣言，试图用舆论加剧焦虑情绪。更有甚者当起了江湖郎中，以“神奇药方”之名，行诱导推销之实，发着国难财，真可谓是寡廉鲜耻之徒。如此只顾一己私利的不义之行，在道德法治社会的“照妖镜”下，丑态毕露，招人唾弃。主题二：不忘初心形容坚守本心，付诸行动矢志不渝：立志不会改变，表示永远不变心。隙穴之窥：是比喻执着地努力，最后达到目的。慎终如始：谨慎收尾，如同开始时一样。指始终要谨慎从事。风雨不改：指比喻处于恶劣环境中不变其节操。碧血丹心：满腔正义的热血，一颗赤诚的红心。形容十分忠诚坚定。示例：初心对每个人来说有着不同的含义。陶渊明性本爱丘山，不为五斗米折腰，不为名利屈身。在江西彭泽做县
高考英语的百字作文，说的都是小门小事。所谓的高级词汇整得跟 3 岁孩子念总理政府工作报告、小学生拼博士论文似的。看起来很好笑。
句型英语作文常用句型 一、用于驳性和比较性论文 In general, I don’t agree with In my opinion, this point of view doesn’t hold water。 The chief reason why… is that… There is no true that… It is not true that… It can be easily denied than… We have no reason to believe that… What is more serious is that… But it is pity that… Besides, we should not neglect that… But the problem is not so Therefore… Others may find this to be true, but I believer that… Perhaps I was question why… There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to… Though we are in basic agreement with…,but What seems to be the trouble is… Yet differences will be found, that’s why I feel that… It would be reasonable to take the view that …, but it would be foolish to claim that… There is in fact on reason for us so believe that… What these people fail to consider is that… It is one thing to insist that… , it is quite another to show that … Wonderful as A is , however, it has its own disadvantages too。 The advantages of B are much greater than A。 A’s advantage sounds ridiculous when B’s advantages are taken into consideration。 二、用于描写图表和数据 It has increased by three times as compared with that of There is an increase of 20% in total this year。 It has been increased by a factor of 4since It would be expected to increase 5 times。 The table shows a three times increase over that of last year。 It was decreased twice than that of the year The total number was lowered by 10%。 It rose from 10-15 percent of the total this year。 Compared with 1997, it fell from 15 to 10 percent。 The number is 5 times as much as that of It has decreased almost two and half times, compared with… 三、用于解释性和阐述性论说文 Everybody knows that… It can be easily proved that… It is true that… No one can deny that One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is… The chief reason is that… We must recognize that… There is on doubt that… I am of the opinion that… This can be expressed as follows; To take …for an example… We have reason to believe that Now that we know that… Among the most convincing reasons given, one should be mentioned… The change in …largely results from the fact that There are several causes for this significant growth in…,first …,second …,finally… A number of factors could account for the development in… Perhaps the primary reason is… It is chiefly responsible of… The reasons for…are complicated, And probably they are found in the fact… Here are several possible reasons, excerpt that… Somebody believes/argues/holds/insists/thinks that… It is not simple to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon… Different people observes it in different ways。 四、用于文章的开头 As the proverb says… It goes without saying tan… Generally speaking… It is quite clear than because… It is often said that … Many people often ask such question:“…？” More and more people have come to realize… There is no doubt that… Some people believe that… These days we are often told that, but is this really the case? One great man said that… Recently the issue of… has been brought to public attention。 In the past several years there has been… Now it is commonly held that… but I doubt whether… Currently there is a widespread concern that… Now people in growing number are coming to realize that… There is a general discussion today about the issue of … Faced with…, quite a few people argue that…, but other people conceive differently。[英语作文常用句型]在英语写作中，有一些句型的搭配能力非常强，基本上可以用在各种话题的议论文中，如果能将这些句型掌握并熟练应用一定会使你的英文写作得心应手。想不想试一试呢？一、开头句型我们常说，良好的开端等于成功的一半。做事如此，作文也是如此。所以我们颇有必要在作文的开头花一番心思。在写议论文时，你通常以什么样的方式开头呢？最简单也最常用的可能就是开门见山法。也就是说———直截了当地提出你对这个问题的观点，点出文章的中心思想。I．．．．has both advantages and disadvantages．……既有利又有弊。例如：1．Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages．2．Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages．3．Com pared with cars，bikes have their advantages and disadvantages．举一反三：1．Although computers bring people a lot of convenience，they have many disadvantages．2．．．．has many advantages．For example，．．．However，just as every coin has two sides，．．．has its disadvantages．（本例将利弊分开讲，转折过渡自然。just as every coin has two sides也很值得背诵。）II．．．．play（s）an important role ／part in．．．……在……中扮演重要角色／起重要作用。例如：1．Computers play an important role in science and technology．2．Computers play a more and more important role in our life． Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies．3．Education plays an important part in developing our mind．4．Addiction to alcohol and drugs play a role in homelessness．举一反三：1．Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．2．In the past，letters played a decisive role in long-distance communication．But now ，telephone，email，fax have taken their place．III．With the development of．．．，随着……的发展，例如：1．With the developm ent of our econo- m y，m any Chinese fam ilies can afford a car．2．With the development of our economy and society，pollution is more and more serious．3．With the rapid development of science and technology，people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home．4．With the current social and technological developments，employees with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed．举一反三：1．With the rapid increase of China's population，housing problem is becoming more and more serious． 随着中国人口的急剧增加，住房问题越来越突出。2．With more and more women entering society，people's attitude towards women is changing． 随着越来越多的妇女走入社会，人们对妇女的态度也在改变。3．With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up，an increasing number of Chinesefamilies can afford a car． 随着中国改革开放的深入，越来越多的中国家庭买得起车了。（“越来越多”除了常用的more and more外，还可以用an increasing number of， a growing number of，a significant number of，a great number of等来表达。）本结构看似固定，实则富于变化，只要记住with有“随着”的意思，相信大家可以根据实际的需要造出更多的句子。我们已经看到，开门见山的开头使论文直切主题，直白明确地提出了论点。不过在讨论某些有争议性的问题时，就显得有欠缺，因为我们必须在文章的开头引出人们对要讨论的问题的不同看法，然后再表明自己的观点。下面就是专门针对争议性论文的一种句型。IV．When it comes to．．．，some people think ／believe that．．．，others argue ／claim that opposite ／reverse is true．There is probably some truth in both arguments ／statements，but．．．当说到……，有些人认为……，但另一些人则持相反的观点……。这两种观点可能都有点道理，但……。本结构先用when it comes to ．．．引出话题，再用some．．．others ．．．这个对立的结构引出了两种相反的观点，然后说There is some truth in both．．．表明严谨公正的态度，最后用but．．．很自然地引出了自己的论点。请看下面这个例子：TV，a good thing or bad thingWhen it comes to TV，some people believe that it is extremely valuable，as it provides relaxation， entertainment and education． Others argue that it is harmful for it begins to control our lives and deprives people of time to do other activities．There is probably some truth in both sides．But we must realize that television itself is neither good or bad．It is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society．二、结尾句型英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨论的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时除常用到in one ／a word，generally speaking等外，没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型。V．．．．take measures to do sth．例如：1．We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world．2．We'd better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams．3．The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse．4．Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks．本文列举了英语作文中常用的几个句型，当然不是要大家写出千篇一律的文章来，而是希望起到一种抛砖引玉的作用，提醒大家在学习中注意多总结，以使自己的写作水平更上一层楼。单词和短语moreover(另外）, meanwhile（同时）, at the same time（同时） in the other words（换句话说）, in a word（总之）, in my opinion（在我看来）, besides（另外）, firstly（第一）, secondly（第二）, thirdly（第三），however（然而）although/though(虽然）but（但是）because（因为）这些是比较常用的简单一些关联词I am looking forward to hearing from （盼望收到你的来信）I am looking forward to your （盼望你的到来。）first,firstly, to begin with, further, in the first place second,secondly, to start with, still, furthermore third,thirdly, what is more, last, last but not least also, and then, next, besides and equally important too moreover besides ,in addtion ,finally
1． It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型She had said what it was necessary to 2． 强调句型It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules 3． "All+抽象名词"或"抽象名词+itself"（very+形容词）He was all gentleness to 4． 利用词汇重复表示强调A crime is a crime a 5． "something（much）of"和"nothing（little）of" "something of"相当于"to some extent"，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为"anything of "，可译为"有点"，"略微等。""译为毫无"，"全无"。"much of"译为"大有"，"not much of"可译为"算不上"，"称不上"，"little of"可译为"几乎无"。something like译为"有点像，略似’’They say that he had no university education, but he seems to be something of a 6． 同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，"of"以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰"of"后面的那个名词。如"her old sharper of a father"，可译为："她那般的父亲"。Those pigs of girls eat so 7． as…as…can（may）beIt is as plain as plain can 8． "It is in（with）…as in（with）"It is in life as in a 9． "as good as…"相等于，就像，几乎如；实际上，其实，实在。The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt 10．"many as well…as"和"might as well …as" "many as well…as"可译为"与其……，不如……，更好"，"以这样做……为宜"，"如同……，也可以……"等等。"might as well …as"表示不可能的事，可译为"犹如……"，"可与……一样荒唐"，"与其那样不如这样的好"等等。One may as well not know a thing at all as know it 11．"to make…of"的译法（使……成为……，把……当作）I will make a scientist of my 12． oo…+不定式"，not（never）too…+不定式"，"too…not+不定式She is too angry to 13． only(not, all, but, never) too …to do so "和"too ready (apt) + to do"结构中，不定式也没有否定意义，凡是"not"，"all""but等字后+"too…to，"不定式都失去了否定意义，在"too ready（apt） +to do"结构中，不定式也没有否定意义。You know but too yell to hold your 除此之外，还有很多很多~~~主要是靠自己平时的积累
中国汉语水平考试分为六级分别是：HSK一级、HSK二级、HSK三级、HSK四级、HSK五级、HSK六级。 HSK（一级）主要面向按每周2-3课时进度学习汉语一个学期（半学年），掌握150个最常用词语和相关语法知识的考生。通过HSK（一级）的考生可以理解并使用一些非常简单的汉语词语和句子，满足具体的交际需求，具备进一步学习汉语的能力。 HSK（二级）主要面向按每周2-3课时进度学习汉语两个学期（一学年），掌握300个最常用词语和相关语法知识的考生。通过HSK（二级）的考生可以用汉语就熟悉的日常话题进行简单而直接的交流，达到初级汉语优等水平。 HSK（三级）主要面向按每周2-3课时进度学习汉语三个学期（一个半学年），掌握600个最常用词语和相关语法知识的考生。通过HSK（三级）的考生可以用汉语完成生活、学习、工作等方面的基本交际任务，在中国旅游时，可应对遇到的大部分交际任务。 HSK（四级）主要面向按每周2-4课时进度学习汉语四个学期（两学年），掌握1200个常用词语的考生。通过HSK（四级）的考生可以用汉语就较广泛领域的话题进行谈论，比较流利地与汉语为母语者进行交流。 HSK（五级）主要面向按每周2-4课时进度学习汉语两年以上，掌握2500个常用词语的考生。通过HSK（五级）的考生可以阅读汉语报刊杂志，欣赏汉语影视节目，用汉语进行较为完整的演讲。 HSK（六级）主要面向掌握5000及5000以上常用词语的考生。通过HSK（六级）的考生可以轻松地理解听到或读到的汉语信息，以口头或书面的形式用汉语流利地表达自己的见解。拓展资料 汉语水平考试（简称HSK）为测试母语非汉语者（包括外国人、华侨和中国少数民族考生）的汉语水平而设立的一项国际汉语能力标准化考试。 HSK由北京语言大学汉语水平考试中心设计研制，包括基础汉语水平考试〔简写为HSK（基础）〕，初、中等汉语水平考试〔简写为HSK（初、中等）和高等汉语水平考试〔简写为HSK（高等）〕。 HSK每年定期在中国国内和海外举办，凡考试成绩达到规定标准者，可获得相应等级的《汉语水平证书》。中国教育部设立国家汉语水平考试委员会，该委员会全权领导汉语水平考试，并颁发汉语水平证书。
●表示比较和对照关系的句型：1) A is to B what/ as C is to D(A之于B犹如C之于D)2) Just , 3) A and B have sth in 4) A is similar to B5) The same is true of,The same can be said of(……也是如此)6) The advantages of A are much greater than B7) compared with B, A has many 8) The advantages outweigh the disadvantages(利大于弊)9) Wonderful as A is, however, it has its own disadvantages 10) Although A enjoys considerable advantage , it can not compete with B 11) Contrary to widely accepted views, I believe 12) What people fail to consider is 13) It is one thing to insist , it is quite another to show 14) Nothing can rival…(……是无与伦比的)15) …has drawbacks as well as 16) A is superior(inferior) to B17) varies from person to person(……是因人而异的)18) A is just the opposite (to B) 19) A differs from B in that…(A不同于B在于……)20) …is not the same (as)●过渡性句型： 1) this is true 2) This is true, no doubt, 3) 4) It is one thing ; it is another ●描写图表和数据的句型1) rank first (both) 2) in proportion 3) A is by far the 4) As many 5) The number is imes as much as that of 6) The figure has nearly doubled/tripled, as against that of last 7) It accounts for 35% 8) By comparison with , it decreased/increased/fell 9) ise rapidly(slowly)10) ain 11) ach 12)There is a slight/slow/steady/rapid rise/increase /////decrease/decline/reduction/fall/drop in13) be on the increase/decrease/rise/decline (……在不断的增加,减少,上升,下降)●图表作文中的过渡、概括句型：1) As can be indicated in the table, 2) As we could find out later, 3) As is revealed in the table,4) As the survey results show,5) This table provides several important points of comparison between,6) The two graphs depict the same thing in 7) The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows:8) According to the figures given in the table, 9) This chart shows that 10) As is shown by the graph, 11) It can be seen from the statistics that 12) It is generally believed /accepted/thought/held ●说明原因的句型:1) There are some/two/many good reasons /to 2) We have two good reasons 3) The reason for is that + 从句4) Among the most convincing reasons given by people , one should be 5) One may think of the trend as a result 6) The change largely results from the fact 7) There are several causes for this significant growth F8) A number of factors could account for the 9) It is no simple task to give the reason for 10) The cause of /reason for higher prices was an increase in 11) Because/As/Now that/Since the demand has increased, the prices are 12) An increase in demand causes/results in/leads to/produces higher 13) The demand has 14) Therefore,/As a result,/For this reason,/Because of this,/Consequently, the prices are 15) If there is an increase in demand, then prices /go //are 16) Different people look in different ●表示不同看法的句型:1) Different people have/hold different opinions/views on the question/problem/ Some believe that ; Others argue that :Still others maintain that 2) They are quite different from each other in their 3) Some people hold the opinion that it is good to 4) They think quite differently on this 5) Opinions vary from individual to individual, from culture to ●表示必须,紧急,有困难做某事的句型:1) It is important (necessary, urgent, difficult, easy, convenient, comfortable, expensive, desirable, advisable) for to do 2) have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing (有困难做某事)●用于文章开头的句型：1) Faced ; quite a few people argue ; But other people conceive 2) There is a general discussion today about the issue ; Those who object argue that ;They believe ; But people who favor , on the other hand, argue that 3) Currently there is a widespread concern 4) Now people in growing number are coming to realize 5) Now it is commonly held that ; they think ; But I doubt 6) Recently the issue has been brought to public 7) One of the great men once said Now more and more people share this 8) Until recently, has been regarded But people are taking a fresh look at 9) S argues/maintains /holds/insists/believes 10) More and more people are realizing /have come to 11) There is no denying/doubt that ●用于文章结尾的句型：1) From what has been discussed above/taking into account all these factors, we may safely arrive at/draw/come to/reach the conclusion that 2) It is high time that we put considerable/great/special emphasis on 3) We must look for all immediate method, because the present situation of , if permitted to continue, will sure lead to/result 4) Many solutions/methods are being offered here, all of them make some sense, but none is quite The problem should be examined in a new 5) There is no immediate solution to the problem , might be helpful/6) No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of , but the general awareness of the necessity/importance might be the first step on the right 7) There is little doubt/denying that 8) It is, therefore, obvious/evident that the task quire immediate 9) As far as be concerned, I believe/think that 10) In conclusion,11) In my opinion, I am in favor of 12) Personally, I prefer 13) In short, should learn ; Only in this way can the most difficult problems be solved 14) As far as I am concerned, I agree with the opinion ●用于论证和说明的句型：1) We may cite/quote/take a single/common example to 2) Our society abounds with the examples of 3) A recent study indicates/suggests/shows 4) According to the statistics provided , it can be seen 5) There is good/sufficient evidence to show 6) This brings out/set forth the important fact that 7) No one can ignore/overlook the fact ●常用谚语 (在议论文中):1) As a popular saying goes, “Every coin has two sides” 2) As a proverb says, “Everything has two sides” On the one hand, physical exercise is good for your On the other hand, if you don t deal with it properly, it will do harm to your So we should look at the matter from two 3) As a proverb says, “Where there is a will there is a ” (有志者事竟成)4) As a popular saying goes, “A man is known by the company he ”(观其交友,知其为人)5) As is known to all, “No pains, no gains”(没有苦,就没有甜)
没事翻翻现代汉语词典。你可以多买些文学杂志，像萌芽，读者这一类的，上面有很多这类的词藻，还有很多经典的哲理故事，写作文的时候你还可以援引这些做例子，很出彩的。要知道，中国语言博大精深，整理的完么？就算有人给你整理，你一下子记的住么，就算记住了，你能保证都会运用么，任何词汇都要在具体的语境中恰当运用才能给文章添彩。多看点文学刊物，它的作用是潜移默化的。你所说的这些东西要考积累沉淀的
博览群书才是最好的办法，当然不能象看小说那么去浏览，要懂得领会别人的文笔技巧和表达方式。
概述(30 词左右)：用最简洁的语言概括论文内容。例如：This paper is…或 This study focuses on…目的(30 词左右)：用 To…就可以了，没有必要使用 in order to 或者 for the purpose of 等较长的表述。方法(50 词左右)：尽可能具体地说明操作的步骤，其中注意时态的使用。常用的词汇有：test,study, investigate, examine, analyze, measure, application 等。结果(50 词左右)：直入主题地摆出结果，如 This paper shows… 或 The results are…结论(60 词左右)：删去类似于“The result of the study showedthat…” 的赘语，逐 条罗列出结论。展望(20 词左右)：指出研究对未来的意义，如 This paper is of greatsignificance in… 或指出不足。语态：规范的学术文章通常采用被动语态，突出信息。但由于主动语态的表述更为清楚， 现在有些地方也要求采用主动语态。人称 最好不要出现 I，we 等第一人称代词，而是使用第三人称，如 the author 等时态： 摘要的时态以一般现在时为主，表示一种存在于自然界的客观规律。在特殊的情 况下可以使用一般过去时或现在完成时，用来表明一定范围内的结论或是某一过程的延续性。描述具体的动作时通常用一般过去时，总结主要的结果时通常用一 般现在时。注意：用 paper 做主语来描述论文概况时后面常用一般现在时：This paper aimsto focus on… 而采用 study 来描述相同的内容时则常用一般过去时：This study investigated…以上就是青藤小编今天的分享内容，总之，在英文摘要中一定不要出现不常见的术语，过多的形容词， 无关的背景资料，自我评价等。
1、冰雪 以冰雪的晶莹比喻心志的忠贞、品格的高尚。 如“洛阳亲友如相问，一片冰心在玉壶。”(王昌龄《芙蓉楼送辛渐》)冰心：高洁的心性，古人用“清如玉壶冰”比喻一个人光明磊落的心性。再如“应念岭海经年，孤光自照，肝肺皆冰雪。”岭南一年的仕途生涯中，自己的人格品行像冰雪一样晶莹、高洁。 2、月亮 对月思亲——引发离愁别绪，思乡之愁。 如“举头望明月，低头思故乡。”(李白《静夜思》)如“小楼昨夜又东风，故国不堪回首月明中。”(李煜《虞美人》)望月思故国，表明亡国之君特有的伤痛。如“碛里征人三十万，一时回首月中看。”碛，沙漠，茫茫大漠中几十万战士一时间都抬头望着东升的月亮，抑制不住悲苦的思乡之情。 3、柳树 以折柳表惜别。 汉代以来，常以折柳相赠来寄托依依惜别之情，由此引发对远方亲人的思念之情以及行旅之人的思乡之情。如 1987 年曾考过的《送别》诗：杨柳青青着地垂，杨花漫漫搅天飞。柳条折尽花飞尽，借问行人归不归? 由于“柳”、“留”谐音，古人在送别之时，往往折柳相送，以表达依依惜别的深情。这一习俗始于汉而盛于唐，汉代就有《折杨柳》的曲子，以吹奏的形式表达惜别之情。唐代西安的灞陵桥，是当时人们到全国各地去时离别长安的必经之地，而灞陵桥两边又是杨柳掩映，这儿就成了古人折柳送别的著名的地方，如“年年柳色，灞陵伤别”的诗。后世就把“灞桥折柳”作为送别典故的出处。故温庭筠有“绿杨陌上多别离”的诗句。柳永在《雨霖铃》中以“今宵酒醒何处，杨柳岸，晓风残月”来表达别离的伤感之情。 “笛中闻折柳，春色未曾看”，说的是笛声中《折杨柳》的曲子倒是传播得很远，而杨柳青青的春色却从来不曾看见，以此来表达伤春叹别的感情。 “此夜曲中闻折柳，何人不起故园情?”说的是今夜听到《折杨柳》的曲子，又有何人不引起思念故乡的感情呢? 4、蝉 以蝉品行高洁。 古人以为蝉餐风饮露，是高洁的象征，所以古人常以蝉的高洁表现自己品行的高洁。《唐诗别裁》说：“咏蝉者每咏其声，此独尊其品格。” 由于蝉栖于高枝，餐风露宿，不食人间烟火，则其所喻之人品，自属于清高一型。骆宾王《在狱咏蝉》：“无人信高洁。”李商隐《蝉》：“本以高难饱”，“我亦举家清”。王沂孙《齐天乐》：“甚独抱清高，顿成凄楚。”虞世南《蝉》：“居高声自远，非是藉秋风。”他们都是用蝉喻指高洁的人品。 5、草木 以草木繁盛反衬荒凉，以抒发盛衰兴亡的感慨。 如“过春风十里，尽荠麦青青。”(姜夔《扬州慢》)春风十里，十分繁华的扬州路，如今长满了青青荠麦，一片荒凉了。“旧苑荒台杨柳新，菱歌清唱不胜春。”吴国的旧苑荒台上的杨柳又长出新枝(荒凉一片)，遥想当年这里笙歌曼舞，那盛景比春光还美(不胜春：春光也不胜它)。这里是以杨柳的繁茂衬托荒凉。 “阶前碧草自春色，隔叶黄鹂空好音。”(杜甫《蜀相》)一代贤相及其业绩都已消失，如今只有映绿石阶的青草，年年自生春色(春光枉自明媚)，黄鹂白白发出这婉转美妙的叫声，诗人慨叹往事空茫，深表惋惜。 “朱雀桥边野草花，乌衣巷口夕阳斜。”(刘禹锡《乌衣巷》)朱雀桥边昔日的繁华已荡然无存，桥边已长满杂草野花，乌衣巷已失去昔日的富丽堂皇，夕阳映照着破败凄凉的巷口。 6、南浦 在中国古代诗歌中，南浦是水边的送边之所。 屈原《九哥??河伯》：“与子交手兮东行，送美人兮南浦。”江淹《别赋》：“春草碧色，春水渌波，送君南浦，伤如之何!”范成大《横塘》：“南浦春来绿一川，石桥朱塔两依然。”古人水边送别并非只在南浦，但由于长期的民族文化浸染，南浦已成为水边送别之地的一个专名了。 7、长亭 是陆上的送别之所。 李白《菩萨蛮》：“何处是归程?长亭更短亭。”柳永《雨霖铃》：“寒蝉凄切，对长亭晚。”李叔同《送别》：“长亭外，古道边，芳草碧连天。”很显然，在中国古典诗歌里长亭已成为陆上的送别之所。 8、琴瑟 (1)比喻夫妇感情和谐，亦作“瑟琴”。 《诗??周南??关雎》：“窈窕淑女，琴瑟友之。”又《小雅??常棣》：“妻子好合，如鼓琴瑟。” (2)比喻兄弟朋友的情谊。 陈子昂《春夜别友人诗》：“离堂思琴瑟，别路绕出川。” 9、螟蛉 《诗??小雅??小宛》：“螟蛉有子，蜾赢负之。”蜾赢(一种蜂)捕螟蛉为食，并以产卵管刺入螟蛉体内，注射蜂毒使其麻痹，然后负之置于蜂巢内，作蜾赢幼虫的食料。古人错以为蜾赢养螟蛉为子，因把作为螟蛉养子的代称。 10、鸿雁 《汉书??苏轼传》载，匈奴单于欺汉使，称苏武已死，而汉使者故意说天子打猎时射下一只北方飞来的鸿燕，脚上拴着帛书，是苏武写的。单于只好放了苏武。后来就用“鸿燕”、“雁书”、“雁足”、“鱼雁”等指书信、单讯。如晏殊《清平乐》：“生笺小字，说尽平生意。鸿雁在云鱼在不，惆怅此情难寄。”李清照词云：“雁字回时，月满西楼。”李清照另一首词云：“好把音书凭过雁，东莱不似蓬莱远。”大雁在这里是传书的信使。 11、神器 指帝位、政权。 《老子》：“将欲取天下而为之，吾见其不得己。天下神器，不可为也。” 12、月老 传说唐朝韦固月夜里经过宋城，遇见一个老人坐着翻检书本。韦固前往窥视，一个字也不认得，向老人询问后，才知道老人是专官人间婚姻的神仙，翻检的书是婚姻簿子(见《续幽怪录??定婚店》)。后来因此称煤人为月下老人，或月老。 13、陶朱 春秋时越国大夫范蠡的别号。 相传他帮助勾践灭吴后，离开越国到陶，善于经营生计，积累了很多财富，后世因此以“陶朱”或“陶朱公”来称富商。 14、祝融 传说中楚国君主的祖先，为高辛氏帝喾的火正(掌火之官)，以光明四海而称为祝融，后世祀为火神;由此，火灾称为祝融之灾。 15、秋水 秋水，喻指眼睛，形容盼望的迫切。《西厢记》第三本第二折“望穿他盈盈秋水，蹙损他淡淡春山。”春山，指眉。 16、连理枝、比翼鸟 作恩爱夫妻的比喻。 连理枝指连生在一起的两棵树。比翼鸟，传说中的一种鸟，雌雄老在一起飞，古典诗歌里用作恩爱夫妻的比喻。相传旧中国时宋康王夺了随从官韩凭的妻子，囚禁了韩凭。韩自杀，他的妻子把身上的衣服弄腐，同康王登台游玩时自投台下，大家拉他衣服，结果撑是跌下去，死了，留下遗书说是与韩凭合葬，康王却把他们分葬两处。不久，两座坟上各生一棵梓树，十天就长得很粗大，两棵树的根和枝交错在一起，树上有鸳鸯一对，相向悲鸣。白居易的《长恨歌》：“七月七日长生殿，夜半无人私语时。在天愿作比翼鸟，在地愿为连理枝。”有了这些句子，难怪人们把结婚称为“喜结连理”。 17、孔方兄 因旧时的铜钱有方形的孔，所以人们把钱称为孔方兄(含诙谐兼含鄙视意)。18、青梅竹马 出自李白的《长干行》：“郎骑竹马来，绕床弄青梅。同居长干里，两小无嫌猜。”后来用“青梅竹马”形容男女小的时候天真无邪，也指幼小时就相识的伴侣。 19、问鼎 以问鼎比喻图谋帝王权位。 《左传??宣公三年》：“楚子伐陆浑之戎，遂至于雒，观兵于周疆。定王使王孙满劳楚子，楚子问鼎之大小轻重焉。”三代以九鼎为传国宝，楚子问鼎，有凯觎周室之意。后遂以问鼎比喻图谋帝王权位。 20、见背 背，离开。谓父母去世。 李密《陈情表》：“生孩六月，父母见背。” 21、逐鹿 《汉书??蒯通传》：“且秦失其鹿，天下共逐之。”颜师古注引张晏曰：“以鹿喻帝位。”后来用逐鹿比喻群雄并起，争夺天下。魏征《述怀》：“中原初逐鹿，投笔事戎轩。” 22、三尺 是法律的代名词。 三尺，也叫“三尺法”，是法律的代名词。古代把法律写在三尺长的竹简上，所以称“三尺法” 23、杜康 《说文解字??巾部》：“古者少康初作箕帚、秫酒。少康，杜康也。”后即以杜康为酒的代称。曹操《短歌行》：“何以解忧，唯有杜康。” 24、鸿鹄 鸿鹄飞得很高，常用来比喻志气高远的人。 《史记??陈涉世家》：“陈涉太息曰：‘燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉!’” 25、秦晋 春秋时，秦晋两国为婚姻，后因称两姓联姻为“秦晋之好”。《西厢记》第二本第一折：“倒赔家门，情愿与英雄结婚姻，成秦晋。” 26、彭祖 彭祖，传说故事人物，生于夏代，至殷末时已八百余岁，旧时把彭祖作为长寿的象征，以“寿如彭祖”来祝人长寿。 27、谢家 唐宋诗词不达意处常用“谢家”之典，这些典故所指意义上主要有二： (1)用谢安、谢玄家事，意指人有风度。《世说新语??言语》载，谢安曾问子侄：为什么人们总希望自己的子弟好?侄子谢玄回答说：“譬如芝兰玉树，欲使其生于阶庭耳。”这是说，谢安子弟讲究举止风度，其服饰端庄大方如芝兰玉树一般。故用其事指有风度的人。辛弃疾《泌园春??叠嶂西驰》：“似谢家子弟，衣冠磊落，相如庭户，车骑雍容。” (2)指山水诗人谢灵运之事。《宋书??谢灵运传》载：灵运于会稽山“修营别业，傍山带江，尽幽居之美”。后用此事指居家的幽美。 28、鸡肋 鸡的肋骨，“食之无味，弃之可惜”。比喻没有多大价值，没有多大意思的事情(见于《三国志??魏书??武帝纪》)。 29、婵娟 婵娟，姿态美好，多用于形容女子;因人们常喻月为美女，故称月亮婵娟。 30、献芹 《列子??杨朱》有一个故事说，从前有个人在乡里的豪绅面前大肆吹嘘芹菜如何好吃，豪绅尝了之后，竟“蜇于口，惨于腹”。后来就用“献芹”谦称赠人的礼品菲薄、或所提的建议浅陋。也说“芹献”。高适《自淇涉黄河途中作》：“尚有献芹心，无因见明主。”
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