In an oligopolistic market, the market price is higer than the marginal cost as well as the minimal average Thus, generally speaking, the efficiency of oligopoly enterprises concerning output and technology application is low, though not lower than that in a monopolistic market ,because competitions, rather fierce ones, still exist in oligopolistic On the other hand, oligopoly market has differentiated products to meet preferences of different Moreover, oligopoly enterprises' big scales enable them to apply advanced technology And fierce competitions will accerlate futher product and technology Therefore, oligopoly shows high efficiency in some In many countries, people try to encourage oligopoly competition by limiting the low efficiency of
Macroeconomics is a sub-field of economics that examines the behavior of the economy as a whole, once all of the individual economic decisions of companies and industries have been Economy-wide phenomena considered by macroeconomics include Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and how it is affected by changes in unemployment, national income, rate of growth, and price In contrast, microeconomics is the study of the economic behaviour and decision-making of individual consumers, firms, and Macroeconomics can be used to analyze how to influence government policy goals such as economic growth, price stability, full employment and the attainment of a sustainable balance of Macroeconomics is sometimes used to refer to a general approach to economic reasoning, which includes long term strategies and rational expectations in aggregate Until the 1930s most economic analysis did not separate out individual economics behavior from aggregate With the Great Depression of the 1930s, suffered throughout the developed world at the time, and the development of the concept of national income and product statistics, the field of macroeconomics began to Particularly influential were the ideas of John Maynard Keynes, who formulated theories to try to explain the Great D Before that time, comprehensive national accounts, as we know them today, did not exist One of the challenges of economics has been a struggle to reconcile macroeconomic and microeconomic Starting in the 1950s, macroeconomists developed micro-based models of macroeconomic behavior (such as the consumption function) Dutch economist Jan Tinbergen developed the first comprehensive national macroeconomic model, which he first built for the Netherlands and later applied to the United States and the United Kingdom after World War II The first global macroeconomic model, Wharton Econometric Forecasting Associates LINK project, was initiated by Lawrence Klein and was mentioned in his citation for the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics in Theorists such as Robert Lucas Jr suggested (in the 1970s) that at least some traditional Keynesian (after British economist John Maynard Keynes) macroeconomic models were questionable as they were not derived from assumptions about individual behavior, although it was not clear whether the failures were in microeconomic assumptions or in macroeconomic However, New Keynesian macroeconomics has generally presented microeconomic models to shore up their macroeconomic theorizing, and some Keynesians have contested the idea that microeconomic foundations are essential, if the model is analytically An analogy might be that the fact that quantum phisics is not fully consistent with relativity theory doesn´t mean that realtivity is Many important microeconomic assumptions have never been proved, and some have proved The various schools of thought are not always in direct competition with one another - even though they sometimes reach differing Macroeconomics is an ever evolving area of The goal of economic research is not to be "right," but rather to be It is likely that none of the current schools of economic thought perfectly capture the workings of the They do, however, each contribute a small piece of the overall As one learns more about each school of thought, it is possible to combine aspects of each in order to reach an informed The traditional distinction is between two different approaches to economics: Keynesian economics, focusing on demand; and supply-side (or neo-classical) economics, focusing on Neither view is typically endorsed to the complete exclusion of the other, but most schools do tend clearly to emphasize one or the other as a theoretical • Keynesian economics focuses on aggregate demand to explain levels of unemployment and the business That is, business cycle fluctuations should be reduced through fiscal policy (the government spends more or less depending on the situation) and monetary Early Keynesian macroeconomics was "activist," calling for regular use of policy to stabilize the capitalist economy, while some Keynesians called for the use of incomes • Supply-side economics delineates quite clearly the roles of monetary policy and fiscal The focus for monetary policy should be purely on the price of money as determined by the supply of money and the demand for It advocates a monetary policy that directly targets the value of money and does not target interest rates at Typically the value of money is measured by reference to gold or some other The focus of fiscal policy is to raise revenue for worthy government investments with a clear recognition of the impact that taxation has on domestic It places heavy emphasis on Say's law, which states that recessions do not occur because of failure in demand or lack of • Monetarism, led by Milton Friedman, which holds that inflation is always and everywhere a monetary It rejects fiscal policy because it leads to "crowding out" of the private Further, it does not wish to combat inflation or deflation by means of active demand management as in Keynesian economics, but by means of monetary policy rules, such as keeping the rate of growth of the money supply constant over • New Keynesian economics, which developed partly in response to new classical economics, strives to provide microeconomic foundations to Keynesian economics by showing how imperfect markets can justify demand • Austrian economics is a laissez-faire school of It focuses on the business cycle that arises from government or central-bank interference that leads to deviations from the natural rate of • Post-Keynesian economics represents a dissent from mainstream Keynesian economics, emphasizing the role of uncertainty and the historical process in • New classical The original theoretical impetus was the charge that Keynesian economics lacks microeconomic foundations -- its assertions are not founded in basic economic This school emerged during the This school asserts that it does not make sense to claim that the economy at any time might be "out-of-equilibrium" Fluctuations in aggregate variables follow from the individuals in the society continuously re-optimizing as new information on the state of the world is Later yielded an explicit school which argued that macro-economics does not have micro-economic foundations, but is instead the tool of studying economic systems at 宏观经济学是一种分场经济学的行为,研究是在整个经济中,一旦所有的个人的经济决策,为公司和产业被。宏观经济学认为经济现象包括国内生产总值(GDP)以及它是如何变化影响失业的国民收入的)经济成长率、价格水平。相反,微观经济学研究的就是经济行为和决策的个体消费者,公司和行业。宏观经济学可以用来分析如何影响政府的政策的目标,比如经济增长,价格稳定,充分就业和获取可持续国际收支差额。宏观经济学有时用来指一个经济理论的主要途径,包括长期战略的期望和理性综合行为。直到30年代为止,大部分的经济分析没有独立的个人经济综合行为举止。与1930年代的经济大萧条,遭受了在所有发达国家,发展国民收入的概念和产品的统计数据,但是研究领域的宏观经济学开始扩展。具有特殊影响力的想法是,约翰•梅纳德凯恩斯理论,努力向他们解释制定了经济大萧条。在那时候,综合国民经济核算,如同我们知道他们今天,是不存在的。经济学的一个挑战是一场斗争调和宏观经济政策和微观经济政策,模型。开始于20世纪50年代,macroeconomists发达micro-based模型的宏观经济行为(如消费函数)。1月Tinbergen荷兰经济学家第一个全面发展国家宏观经济模型,该模型他第一次建成为荷兰和后应用于美国和英国二战之后。第一个全球宏观经济模型,沃顿计量预测伙伴联系工程项目,发生在劳伦斯发起克莱恩和被提及他的嘉奖经济学诺贝尔经济学奖1980年。理论家如罗伯特·卢卡斯认为(是在上世纪70年代),认为至少有一些传统的凯恩斯(英国经济学家约翰梅纳德凯恩斯)宏观经济模型都是可疑的,因为他们不是来源于假设的个人行为,虽然现在还不清楚这些失败在微观经济的假定,或是对宏观经济模型。然而,最新凯恩斯主义的宏观微观模型提出了大致以支持他们的宏观经济理论有争议,一些凯恩斯主义者的想法,微观经济基础是必要的,如果模型是分析有用的。打个比方可能是,这样的事实,即量子phisics并不完全符合相对论´,并不代表没有realtivity是假的。许多重要的微观经济假设从来没有被证明,而有些人的证明是错误的。各种各样的思想学派并不总是在彼此的直接竞争,尽管他们有时会达到不同的结论。宏观经济学是一种前所未有的领域的研究。研究经济学的目标不是"正确",而是是精确的。很有可能是学校目前尚无一个经济思想完全捕捉运作方式的经济。不过,他们的贡献每一小块整体难题。当你学会更多关于每个思想学派,它能把方面的每一个为了达到一个通知的合成。传统的区别是留给经济学两种不同的方法,重点凯恩斯经济学和供方需求;(或古典)经济学、关注供应。也都是典型的观点完全排除其他,但大多数学校都往往清晰地强调一个或另一个是的理论基础。•凯恩斯经济学交融在总需求,以解释失业率和商业周期。商业周期波动,应减少通过财政政策(政府花费或多或少根据实际情况)和货币政策。早期凯恩斯主义的宏观经济学是“活动家,定期使用《召唤的政策稳定资本主义经济,虽然有些凯恩斯主义要求使用收入政策。•供给的经济学的作用很明显地在当前货币政策与财政政策。关注于货币政策应该是完全对价格的钱所确定的货币供应的需求的特点,为了金钱。它提倡货币政策,直接目标钱的价值,不目标利率。典型的钱的价值在于用参考金或其他参考。财政政策的重点是提高政府农业投资价值的收入为一个明确的认识税收的影响在国内贸易。它设置了过度强调了说的法律,它表明不会发生经济衰退需求下降、因为没有缺钱。•货币主义的带领下,由弗里德曼,认为始终通货膨胀是一种货币现象。财政政策拒绝,因为会导致“挤退”的私人生活。此外,它不希望对抗通货膨胀或通货紧缩采用主动需求管理在凯恩斯经济学,通过货币政策规则,即坚持的增长速度恒定的钱。凯恩斯•新经济发达的部分原因是为了适应新古典经济学、致力于提供凯恩斯现代经济学的微观经济基础显示出了市场的不完善就能名正言顺的需求管理等。•奥地利经济学是个自由放任主义的学校的宏观经济。它侧重于商业周期,而政府或中央银行的干扰导致偏离自然失业率的兴趣。•Post-Keynesian经济学所代表了凯恩斯经济学主流的作用,强调历史过程中不确定性和宏观经济。•新古典经济学。原理论动力的费用是凯恩斯经济学缺乏有效的微观经济基础——亦即其断言不成立于基本经济理论。这所学校出现在20世纪70年代。这所学校断言它是没有道理的主张经济会随时out-of-equilibrium”。波动的总变量遵从的在这个社会的个人不断re-optimizing新信息的状态的世界就会显现出来。后来取得了一个显式学校一样,认为宏观经济学没有微观经济基础,反而学习经济系统的工具在平衡。
-11-26/htmlpdf类的，自己去下载!
Russia's Putin, Turkey's Erdogan Discuss Economic Issues in Moscow Bill GasperiniTurkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan met with Russian President Vladimir Putin to discuss trade, energy exports, and other It was the second meeting between the two men in a month, something both say indicates improved relations between their Business and energy issues were the main items on the agenda as President Putin received M Erdogan in the Kremlin on the second day of the Turkish premier's visit to R M Putin says that Russia will increase its exports of natural gas to Turkey, and Russian companies will also invest in new electricity generating projects M Erdogan says economic cooperation has steadily increased in recent years, with bilateral trade surpassing $10 billion last Turkish firms have been extensively involved in Russian construction projects, especially in Moscow which has experienced a building boom over the past The Turkish leader arrived late on Monday accompanied by more than 500 people, mostly business leaders interested in expanding contacts with their Russian On Wednesday, M Erdogan is to inaugurate a new Turkish Trade Center, the latest of many shopping mall complexes built in and around MTextiles and clothing are among the many Turkish products widely sold in RAt their meeting, both leaders noted the importance of strengthening ties between the two countries, which in the past have had an uneasy Last month, M Putin made a landmark visit to Ankara, when the two sought to overcome allegations of support for rebel groups, such as separatists fighting Russian troops in CMany Turks sympathize with the Muslim Chechens' attempt to form their own state independent of R Gasperini for VOA news, Moscow
外文书籍的中文翻译版本作参考文献，格式应该如下所示：[1] [美]Bruce EC++编程思想[M]刘综田,等,译北京:机械工业出版社,2000。[2] [美]William Ford,等 数据结构C++语言描述(第2版)[M]陈君,译北京:清华大学出版社,2003。原作者译文名[M]译者出版地：出版者，出版年：引文页码。参考文献标准格式是指为了撰写论文而引用已经发表的文献的格式，根据参考资料类型可分为专著[M]，会议论文集[C]，报纸文章[N]，期刊文章[J]，学位论文[D]，报告[R]，标准[S]，专利[P]，论文集中的析出文献[A]，杂志[G]。格式代号根据参考资料类型可分为：专著[M]，会议论文集[C]，报纸文章[N]，期刊文章[J]，学位论文[D]，报告[R]，标准[S]，专利[P]，论文集中的析出文献[A]，杂志[G]。电子文献类型：数据库[DB]，计算机[CP]，电子公告[EB]。电子文献的载体类型：互联网[OL]，光盘[CD]，磁带[MT]，磁盘[DK]。以上内容参考：百度百科-参考文献标准格式
编号。翻译出来的参考书目按以下格式编排，作者名；如果只有一个作者，出版单位。根据这个原则翻译外文参考书目，中间是教名,”再排名，年份，地名，可以缩写或不写姓名，年份和版次:出版单位，作者（英文名字在前，书名：编号，加“；若多个作者，通常不写教名，亦可先排姓，姓在后，《书名》。希望我的回答可以对你有帮助，排在后面的名字需要使用缩写格式），版次外文参考书目的格式如下
第二个问题 第二段issue no 2No= number
参考文献（即引文出处）的类型以单字母方式标识，具体如下：M——专著 C——论文集 N——报纸文章J——期刊文章 D——学位论文 R——报告对于不属于上述的文献类型，采用字母“Z”标识。对于英文参考文献，还应注意以下两点：①作者姓名采用“姓在前名在后”原则，具体格式是： 姓，名字的首字母 如： Malcolm Richard Cowley 应为：Cowley, MR，如果有两位作者，第一位作者方式不变，&之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面，姓放在后面，如：Frank Norris 与Irving Gordon应为：Norris, F & IG；②书名、报刊名使用斜体字，如：Mastering English Literature，English Weekly。[2] （美）Bruce Eckel著． C++编程思想．刘综田等译．北京：机械工业出版社，2000[3] （美）William Ford等著． 数据结构C++语言描述（第2版）．陈君译鸡北京：清华大学出版社，2003
绿茶方面的：This is a good green Is a new Taste very (Anti-aging, anti-bacterial, such as the effectiveness to Reduce Pathogenic Fire)碧螺春方面的：This is a very good Biluochun Is a new Taste very (Such as the role of inhibition of cancer cells)铁观音方面的：This is a good T Is a new Taste very (With anti-fatigue, weight loss, such as the effectiveness of)茉莉花方面的：This is a very good jasmine Is a new Taste very (Jasmine tea good for skin)
纯净袋装冲泡，混合柠檬显著地品质，同时又蕴含姜的“温润”
P代表： Pekoe 带有白毫的嫩芽 O代表： Orange 嫩芽完全没有叶绿素如橘色般的意思 B代表： Broken 碎型茶 F代表： Fanning 片型茶 指BOP筛选下来的小片茶叶。 D代表： Dust 枌尘状般的细末茶 筛选到最后的粉末状碎屑。多以茶包型式出现。 G代表： Golden 黄金色的光辉。 T代表： Tip 含有大量新芽。 S代表： Souchong 小种红茶。 1代表： 1 代表在该等级里为顶尖的级次。 OP(Orange Pekoe):常见的等级指的是叶片较长较大而完整的茶叶。 BOP(Broken Orange Pekoe)制成较细碎的OP，叶片较小。滋味较浓重，一般适合用来冲泡奶茶。 FOP(Flowery Orange Pekoe) 含有较多芽叶的红茶。 TGFOP(Tippy Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe):含有较多金黄芽叶的红茶。 FTGFOP(Fine Tippy Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe):经过精细地揉捻精制而成的高品质茶叶。 SFTGFOP(Special Fine Tippy Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe):多了「Spepecil」一字，自然粉高贵罗。 采摘,picking 萎凋,withering 晒青,sunshine withering 做青,making green 杀青,water removing 揉捻,rolling 做形,shaping 整形提毫,trimming & tipping 窨花,scenting 辉干,final roasting 精制,refining
以下是“中国”茶叶的历史：======================History of Chinese Tea======================Chinese tea consists of tea leaves which have been processed using methods inherited from CAccording to popular legend, tea was discovered by Chinese Emperor Shennong (Shen Nung, Shen Nong, The Yan Emperor, The Emperor of the five grains) in 2737 BC when a leaf from a Camilla sinensis tree fell into water the emperor was Not everyone agrees on the origin, but no one disputes that tea is deeply woven into the history and culture of C The beverage is considered one of the seven necessities of Chinese life, along with firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce and Some writers classify tea into four categories, green, white, black and Others add categories for red, scented and compressed All of these come from varieties of the Camilla sinensis Chinese flower tea (花茶), while popular, is not a true Most Chinese tea is consumed in China and is not Green tea is the most popular type of tea used in CWithin these main categories of tea are vast varieties of individual Some researchers have counted more than Others put the number at more than 1, Some of the variations are due to different strains of the Camilla The popular Tie Guan Yin 铁观音, for example, is traced back to a single plant discovered in Anxi 安溪 in the Fujian Other teas draw some of their characteristics from local growing The largest factor in the wide variations comes from differences in processing after the tea is White and green teas are cooked soon after picking to prevent oxidization, often called fermentation, caused by natural enzymes in the Oolong teas are partially Black and red teas are fully Other differences come from variations in the processing Chinese Tea HistoryTea (Camellia sinensis) is native to C The ancient Chinese used them for medical purposes, then developed the infusion we know as tea; to this day tea is said to purge the digestive system of 'toxins' Later the Chinese learned to grow tea plants and use their leaves to make various types of Many different types of tea were grown during each of the dynasties in CThe Tang DynastyA list of the differing grades of tea grown in the Tang Dynasty:Premier Grade Tea: Xiazhou, Guangzhou, Huzhou, Yuezhou, P Second Grade Tea: Jingzhou, Ranzhou, Changzhou, M Third Grade Tea: Shouzhou, Hangzhou, Muzhou, Hengzhou, Taizhou, Xuanzhou, Yiazhou, L Fourth Grade Tea: Jinzhou, Lianzhou, Huangzhou, Sozhou, Yunzhou, Hanzhou, M Tea dates back to the West Zhou Period in ancient China, when the Chinese used tea as Since then, tea leaves have been eaten as vegetables, used as medicine, and, since the Han dynasty, infused in boiling water, the new drink making tea into a major There are many different kinds of The three basic categories are non-oxidised green tea, semi-oxidised oolong tea, and fully oxidised black All true teas are usually made from the same type of plant, “Camellia Sinensis”, although some teas are flavored with other plants and Tea is made through a very long and delicate procedure where young tea leaves are picked, steamed or pan fried, then dried and sifted, and finally distributed to wherever they need to The flavor of tea varies depending on how it is Many people drink tea because of its health Tea promotes in occasions digestion[citation needed], is rich in vitamins, and brings a feeling of relaxation when you drink The Song DynastyTea was an important crop during the Song D Tea farms covered 242 This included expensive tribute tea; tea from Zhejiang and Fujian provinces, where some was exported to Southeast Asian and the Arab In the Song Dynasty, tea started to be pressed into tea cake, some embossed with patterns of the dragon and the Phoenix and was called exotic names including:Large Dragon tea cake, Small Dragon tea cake, Surpass Snow Dragon ball cake, Fine Silver Sprout, Cloud Leaf, Gold Money, Jade Flower, Inch of Gold, Longevity Sprout, Eternal Spring Jade Leave, Dragon in the Clouds, Longevity Dragon Sprout, Dragon Phoenix and Flower, Eternal Spring Silver SThe Ming DynastyMing dynasty scholar 文震亨 Wen Zhenheng's book 长物志 Zhang Wu Zhi (On Superfluous Things) chapter 12 contains description of several famous Ming dynasty teas:Tiger Hill Tea and Heaven Pool TeaDuring this time Tiger Hill Tea was purportedly developed as (still) the finest tea in the world, however, the production quantity was rather small, and growing is regulated by the Chinese Some, however, consider its taste to be second to Heaven Pool Zhen HJie TeaJie Tea from Chang Xing of Zhejiang is superb and highly regarded, though rather Those from Jing Qi find it is slightly NB: "Jie" is the short hame for "Luo Jie" Luo Jie was the name of a mountain bordering Zhejiang and Jing Qi (in the Ming dynasty), where "jie"-- meant Chang Xin was south of Luo Jie mountain, Jing Qi was north of Luo J Chang Xin retains its name till Luo Jie tea from Gu Chu mountain in Chang Xing county in Zhejiang was also known as Gu Chu Voilet S Gu Chu Voilet Shoot had been imperial tribute tea since the Tang dynasty for nearly nine hundred years until the middle of the Qin Gu Chu Voilet Shoot was revived again in the seventies as a top grade tea in CNB Jin Qi is now called Yi Xin Jin Qi tea was also known as Yang Xian Ruo Leaves are leaves from Indocalamus tessellatus The leaf is about 45 cm Liu An Tea"Liu An" tea is used for Chinese medicine, although if it is not baked right, it cannot let out its aroma and has a bitter The inherent quality of this tea is actually quite Wen ZhenhengNote: Liu An is a county in A Liu An tea is still produced from Liu An county in Anhui province in C The Liu An tea from the Bat Cave of Jin Zai county is of superior quality, as thousand of bats in the cave can provide an ideal fertilizer for the tea Song Luo TeaSong Luo tea is manufactured at Song Luo mountain located north of Xiu Ning township in An Hui proovince in C The tea farms are scattered between a height of six to seven hundred meters on the There is no real Song Luo tea outside an area of a dozen mu* and only one or two families possess the refined skill to prepare Song Luo Recently the tea hand-baked by mountain monks is even Genuine Song Luo tea is produced at the foot of the Dong Shan (Cave Hill) and on top of the Tian Chi (Heaven Pool), highly treasured by people in Xin An It is also a favourite for the people of Nan Du and Qu Zong counties, due to its ease in brewing and intense One mu = 667 square Dragon Well Tea and Eyes on Heaven TeaLong Jing and Tian Mu may match Heaven Pool tea due to the weather in their growing Because the cold season comes earlier to the mountains, there is abundant snow in the winter, hence the tea plants germinate [Wen Zhenheng]Long Jing tea is manufactured in the West Lake district in Hangzhou city, C There is a Longjing (Dragon Well) on the Feng Huang Tian Mu mountain is located in Lin An county in the north west of Zhejiang There are two 1500-meter peaks, each with a pond on top filled with crystal clear water looking like an eye, hence the name of Eyes on H
ThePalaceMuseumislocatedoncitycenterinPChinaisexistingbiggest,IThePalaceMuseumstarttosetupinAD1406,thePalaceMhePalaceMuseumsurroundingssurround12metersinheight,longthePalaceMuseumwallof3400meters,formisonerectangularcitydefense,thereis52meterwidemoatoutsidethewallsurround,ThePalaceMuseumhas4doors,centerdoorWudoor,eastdoorDonghuadoor,westdoorXihuadoor,northdoorS故宫位于北京市中心。中国现存最大、最完整的古建筑群。被誉为世界五大宫之一。故宫始建于公元1406，故宫有大小院落90多座，房屋有980座，共计8704间。宫城周围环绕着高12米，长3400米的宫墙，形式为一长方形城池，墙外有52米宽的护城河环绕，形成一个森严壁垒的城堡。故宫有4个门，正门名午门，东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。
The Imperial Palace is also called Forbidden City,it was first started building in 1407,and cost two hundred thousand workers for fourteen years,and,completed in All its palaces consist of 9999 "9" is recognized as a favorable number in C These days,the Imperial Palace opens to chinese students freely on TThere are treasures which have more than five thousand years' You can take a look if you are
the Imperial Palace
aa
第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，受母亲影响，喜欢中国传统手工艺刺绣。最近，得知你的英国朋友Lisa正在苏州学习刺绣。请你给她写封邮件，内容包括：询问学习情况；分享你的作品；希望保持交流。注意：词数80左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。注:刺绣 embroidery范文：高考英语作文热点话题（含必备词汇和范文）中国传统文化出题方向： 传统文化与现代文明的关系 民俗、民风、民族特色 文化担当与自信 文化传承与传播必备词汇： Lantern Festival 元宵节 Embroidery 刺绣 Double-Ninth Festival 重阳节 Tomb Sweeping Day 清明节 paper cutting 剪纸 Siheyuan/Quadrangle 四合院 Warring States 战国 Kunqu Opera 昆曲 Flower Drum Song 花鼓戏 Confucian culture 儒家文化 Chinese knotting 中国结 hot pot 火锅 South Regions of the Yangtze River 江南 Tang Poetry 唐诗 Tang Dynasty 唐朝 Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节 lunar calendar 农历 the Palace Museum 故宫博物院 traditional Chinese festivals 中国传统节日 protecting traditional Chinese culture 保护中国传统文化 the four great inventions of ancient China 中国古代四大发明 The Book of Songs/Classic of Poetry 《诗经》 Records of the Grand Historian 《史记》The Story of the Stone 《红楼梦》 Journey to the West 《西游记》范文Protecting TraditionalChinese CultureProtecting traditional Chinese culture is of great importance to China's cultural diversity, economic prosperity, and social The government in Guangdong province has made it their mission to protect Chaoju (潮剧), a local form of drama that began in Chaozhou in eastern GIn my opinion, specific measures should be taken to protect traditional Chinese To start with, we should make appropriate laws for everyone to Also, we should educate people about the need to protect traditional The more the public knows about it, the more support we can It's time that we start treasuring our own valuable 科技与创新出题方向： 科技创新的作用 科技改变生活 科技对民族、国家发展的作用必备词汇： innovation 创新 science科学 technology 技术 high-speed railway 高铁 artificial intelligence（AI） 人工智能 big data 大数据 ability to innovate 创新能力 scientific and technological innovation 科技创新 scientific and technological progress 科学技术进步 modernization of science and technology 科学技术现代化 have a major influence on politics, the economy, and society 对政治、经济、社会有重要影响范文The development of science and technology has brought about many changes in people's Modern technology makes life more Using the Internet is popular Years ago, people had to look through a lot of information just to buy what they It was easy for people to spend too much time doing research and become tired as a Now, all you have to do is use the I It's a piece of cake!With the development of science and technology, including high-speed transportation, video phones, and webcam meetings, the world has become smaller and We all hope that modern technology will continue to reach the highest level, because science and technology make life more enjoyable 家庭与时代出题方向：国家经济、科技的发展和繁荣时代发展与个人、家庭的关系新时代，家人、朋友间的相处方式新时代，父母对孩子的教育（快速发展的社会增加了父母的焦虑，害怕孩子输在起跑线上，过早的开发孩子的智力，增大了他们的压力）必备词汇： economy 经济 development 发展 prosperity 繁荣 communicate with parents efficiently 和父母更高效地交流 play an important role in our lives 在我们的生活中发挥重要的作用 increase your child's stress 增加孩子的压力 the rapid development of society 社会的快速发展ake many parents feel more worried 使得许多父母感到更加担忧大国风采出题方向： 大国智慧 担当 助力全球发展 共同繁荣 软实力影响 自信 走向世界必备词汇： diplomatic 外交 responsibility 责任 confident 自信 harmony 和谐 balanced 平衡的 social order 社会秩序 peaceful 和平的 sustainable development 可持续发展 help other countries develop 助力其他国家发展 live in harmony 和谐共处环境保护与生态文明出题方向： 经济发展与环境的关系 生态文明 保护环境的重要性 人与自然和谐相处 绿色、开放，共享发展必备词汇： pollute 污染 cut down trees 砍伐树木 waste water废水 throw garbage everywhere 乱扔垃圾 protect your surroundings 保护周边环境 improve the environment 改善环境 save energy 节省能源 do great harm to 给……带来很大危害 public morals 社会道德 ecological civilization 生态文明 devote to 献身 be public/spirited 有公德心的 sharing development 共享发展范文Dear Bill,I'm glad I received your Thank you for caring about the weather and my Now, I'd like to tell you something about Since winter last year, there has been a lot of It has done great harm to our daily Many traffic accidents happened just because of the heavy Quite a few flights had to be rescheduled, and many people had to go to the doctor because of serious diseases caused by the People have realized that smog causes great harm, and people all over the country know that protecting the environment is the most important thing to The government suggests that people go to work or school on public transportation, such as the bus and the Also we should plant more As to me, I always go to school by bike or on foot, and I never throw garbage In addition, I will tell everyone I meet to protect the environment as much as they Would you like to tell me some good ideas? I'm looking forward to your Li Hua人际关系和情感态度出题方向： 表达你对老师、朋友、亲人的感激之情 表达对朋友、亲人的祝愿 陈述与他们之间难忘的事 阐述如何与他们建立良好的关系必备词汇： lonely 孤独的 upset 难过的 nervous 紧张的 be worried about 担忧，担心 get angry with about 因某事生某人的气 be confident in 对某事有信心 learn from each other 互相学习 promote friendship 增进友谊 build a good relationship 建立良好的关系 show love and concern for 爱护关心某人 get closer to each other 彼此走得更近范文Dear M Zhang,I'm writing to express my sincere gratitude to You gave me a hand when it was very One month ago, with the College Entrance Examination around the corner, I was nervous and in low I was afraid of letting my parents down because of my average academic When I was at the point of giving up, you asked me to go to your Instead of blaming me, you comforted me and discussed with me my reasons for failing the You managed to help me with my studies and always inspired Gradually, I learned how to make my own Thanks to you, I stayed calm during the College Entrance EM Zhang, I'm extremely grateful for what you have done for I will always have hope because of I wish you happiness and good Sincerely yours,第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 续写的词数应为150左右。I received an urgent call from my " Turn on the TV Granny's on the Channel 10 " It turned out that Granny had made a sandwich run for her office and was stopped at a red light She had the window rolled down to enjoy the breeze when a man rushed up to the driver's side window, intending to carjack （劫车）Now, what the would-be carjacker couldn't have known was that this woman simply wasn't " a granny" This was Nancy Johnson — the same woman who owned and lived on a Texas cattle farm, drove her own tractors, and dug her own post holes to lay The week before, she had shot a rattlesnake and chopped off its head with a shovel She was the proud owner of the new minivan （小型货车）she was In other words, she was not your normal kind of The carjacker leaned into the open window, one hand stuffed in his pocket, and said, " Get out of this I have a gun, and I will shoot ” A statement like that would have terrified anyone Instead, Granny saw it as a " If you really had a gun in your pocket, you would've pulled it out and led with that first," she shouted at him, apparently She was The criminal didn't have a He instead reached into the window, grabbed her, and tried to pull her out of the He pulled open the door, wildly catching Granny's Granny leaned her shoulder inside to press the horn （喇叭) and started yelling to make people around notice what was With the door now open, she held tight the steering wheel with one arm and started kicking the man anywhere her foot could make This tall woman had quite a 范文优秀答卷展示读后续写评分标准
故宫palacemuseum《故宫》hepalacemuseum故宫（故宫博物馆）hepalacemuseum故宫博物馆palacemuseum来故宫hepalacemuseum
The Imperial Palace is also called Forbidden City,it was first started building in 1407,and cost two hundred thousand workers for fourteen years,and,completed in All its palaces consist of 9999 "9" is recognized as a favorable number in C These days,the Imperial Palace opens to chinese students freely on TThere are treasures which have more than five thousand years' You can take a look if you are
楼主 能做老外的临时导游 应该可以综合下面资料中你想要的东西吧 呵呵 希望你一切顺利The Imperial Palace is also called Forbidden City,it was first started building in 1407,and cost two hundred thousand workers for fourteen years,and,completed in All its palaces consist of 9999 "9" is recognized as a favorable number in C These days,the Imperial Palace opens to chinese students freely on TThere are treasures which have more than five thousand years' You can take a look if you are The Imperial Palace is also called Forbidden City,it was first started building in 1407,and cost two hundred thousand workers for fourteen years,and,completed in All its palaces consist of 9999 "9" is recognized as a favorable number in C These days,the Imperial Palace opens to chinese students freely on TThere are treasures which have more than five thousand years' You can take a look if you are This is the Palace Museum, also known as the Purple Forbidden C It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China Under Ming Emperor , construction began in It took 14 years to build the Forbidden C The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also Red represents happiness, good fortune and Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their The Forbidden City is rectangular in It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east It has 9900 rooms under a total roof area 150000 square A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9 –meter- high wall which encloses the It is believed that the Palace Museum got its name from astronomy The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Y The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple The Forbidden City is divided into an outer and an inner We are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer In front of us lies the Gate of supreme H The gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions, symbolizing imperial power and The lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its The one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state The other one is a Underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial The Forbidden City consists of an outer count and an inner The outer count yard covers a vast space lying between the Meridian Gate and the Gate of Heavenly P The “three big halls” of Supreme Harmony, Complete Harmony and Preserving Harmony constitute the center of this building The great three halls are built on a spacious “H”-shaped,8-meter-high, triple marble Each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix This area is called the Hall of Supreme Harmony Square, which covers a total of 30000 square Without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and In the middle of the square there is carriageway that was reserved for the E On both sides of the road the ground bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise,making up fifteen layers in the Meridian Gate 午门 the Five-Phoenix Towers 五凤楼 benevolence, righteousness, rites, intelligence, and fidelity 仁、义、礼、智、信 the Hall of Supreme Harmony 太和殿 the Hall of Complete Harmony 中和殿 the Hall of Preserving Harmony 保和殿 the Palace of Heavenly Purity 乾清宫 the Hall of Union 交泰殿 the Palace of Earthly Tranquility 坤宁宫 The Forbidden City was the Chinese Imperial palace from the mid-Ming Dynasty to the end of the Qing D It is located in the middle of Beijing, C It now houses the Palace M The complex consists of 800 buildings with 8,886 It covers 720,000 square The Forbidden City was declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 as the "Imperial Palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties",[1] and is listed by UNESCO as the largest collection of preserved ancient wooden structures in the