有关物流运输的英文文献

Preface　　This document is the result of an effort by McKinsey & Company's Greater China　　practice to assess the impact of China's upcoming accession to the World Trade　　Organisation on the country ’s logistics and transportation sector, a sector that will play　　a key role in China ’s ongoing economic 　　In this white paper, we present an overview of China's logistics and transportation　　sector, including recent developments in the area, describe the impact of current　　economic growth on the sector and outline a perspective on approaching the market in　　ways that increase the chances of 　　McKinsey & Company is the world ’s leading international consulting firm assisting　　leading corporations and selected non-profit institutions in resolving complex　　management challenges in strategy, organization and A primary aspect of　　our mission is to provide objective counsel in the face of the most complex 　　Those seeking specific advice relating to the topics discussed in this white paper should　　direct their inquiries to Stephen Shaw, a senior partner in McKinsey & Company ’s　　Hong Kong office, or Staffan Hertzell, a senior specialist in Transport and Logistics in　　our Brussels O　　----------------------- 页面 3-----------------------　　China’s Evolving Logistics Landscape　　Economic reforms in China have already brought far-reaching change to many sectors　　of its Now, it ’s the turn of the logistics and transportation sector: ongoing　　economic growth and China ’s upcoming entry into the World Trade Organisation could　　very well transform this currently underdeveloped While growth is stimulating　　demand, WTO-entry promises significant spillover effects on the sector from the further　　expansion and opening of the A rapid expansion of the sector is clearly on the　　　　Already, the Chinese government has named logistics a strategic industry and has　　committed to promoting investment in a number of logistics centres across the 　　Retail channels are consolidating and modernizing in the top tier cities, China ’s major　　consumption centres, and spreading to the next tier of Express highways linking　　the major cities are being completed and professional truckers are 　　Seeing the emerging opportunity, newly established and incumbent service providers　　are aggressively moving to provide upgraded logistics and transportation 　　Today, players in the sector include state-owned enterprises (SOEs), local or joint-　　venture third-party logistics firms, foreign entrants and emerging domestic players in　　manufacturing and 　　But capturing the emerging opportunities will not be Apart from the usual　　challenges of building relationships and networks, players may face policy shifts, due to　　social or other compulsions, or come up against local protectionism that often results in　　big gaps between central government policy and local 　　Broadly speaking, players should look for opportunities in two main areas: efficient,　　networked transportation and warehousing services and true third-party logistics　　 Those that move fast enough, have tolerance for high risk, and build on their　　unique strengths will eventually triumph, given the relatively basic nature of the　　logistics and transportation sector 　　3　　----------------------- 页面 4-----------------------　　LOGISTICS SERVICES HAVE REMAINED ELEMENTARY　　Until now, the Chinese market for logistics and transportation has remained fairly　　 Local companies have had neither the desire nor sophistication to seek　　real logistics Most Chinese manufacturers have remained a fragmented lot,　　part of a cellular economy with limited, local distribution In fact, logistics　　demand has remained restricted to the central and coastal provinces, around the major　　cities of Guangdong, Shanghai and Beijing/Tianjin, where cargo movement and　　industry output are highly concentrated, which have the top 8 ocean ports and the top 7　　river ports in China, and whose people enjoy some of the highest per capita incomes in　　the country (Exhibit 1) While import/export activities and some freight forwarding　　have traditionally been undertaken by state-owned players like Sinotrans (China　　National Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation) or Cosco (China Ocean Shipping　　Company), most domestic logistics and goods transport needs have largely been met by　　the SOEs themselves, as they have historically owned and operated their own trucks to　　deliver goods downstream to distributors and These distributors and　　wholesalers in turn have bought the finished goods and moved them to consumers　　through a highly antiquated and fragmented retail 　　Exhibit 1　　LOGISTICS AND TRANSPORTATION DEMAND AND ACTIVITIES ARE　　CONCENTRATED IN CENTRAL AND COASTAL CHINA　　Logistics and　　transportation　　demand and　　activities　　Heilongjiang　　Top 8 ocean ports　　Jilin Top 7 river ports　　Xinjiang　　Liaoning　　Inner　　Mongolia Beijing Qinhuangdao　　Dalian　　Hebei Tianjin　　Ningxia Qingdao　　Qinghai Shanxi Shandong　　Gansu　　Tibet Shaanxi Henan Jiangsu　　Nanjing Nantong　　Anhui Zhangjiagang　　Anqing Shanghai　　Sichuan Hubei Hangzhou　　Wuhu Ningbo　　Wuhan　　Zhejiang　　Hunan Jiangxi　　Guizhou Fujian　　Yunnan　　Guangxi Guangdong Taiwan　　Guangzhou Shenzhen　　Hainan　　Source: China Statistics Yearbook; Government Industry Statistics Yearbooks; Provincial/City Yearbooks; Beijing　　Huatongren Market Research　　Not surprisingly, transportation and transport-related services serving domestic needs　　have remained rudimentary, as described