Effect of Ningmitai capsule plus sertraline on patients with premature ejaculation and enlarged seminal vesicles:A randomized clinical trial

INTRODUCTION

Premature ejaculation(PE)is a prevalent sexual complaint in men,affecting 20%-30%of sexually active men.1-3In 2014,The International Society for Sexual Medicine(ISSM)defined lifelong and acquired PE as(a)ejaculation that always or nearly always occurs prior to or within about 1 min of vaginal penetration from the first sexual experience(lifelong PE)or a clinically significant and bothersome reduction in latency time,often to about 3 min or less(acquired PE);(b)the inability to delay ejaculation on all or nearly all vaginal penetrations;and(c)negative personal consequences such as distress,bother,frustration,and/or the avoidance of sexual intimacy.4

知识产权转移转化对于军民融合发展战略和创新驱动发展战略的推动作用毋庸质疑，所带来的国防和经济价值增量也是毋庸质疑，未来必将是一片蓝海市场前景。笔者经过两年多理论和实践的探索，加之对知识产权转移转化广泛深入的调研，尝试“互联网+军民融合+知识产权+科技服务创新，建立军民融合知识产权转移转化平台。

We recognize some limitations in our study.First,further studies with larger groups are needed to confirm our conclusions.Second,transrectal ultrasound was performed just before and after the treatment.However,we believe that the present study provides a better understanding ofthepotentialpathophysiological mechanisms underlying acquired PE.

Seminal vesicles(SVs)are involved in the ejaculatory process,8and disorders of SVs may result in ejaculation dysfunction.It was reported that a higher frequency of sexual dysfunction was found in male patients displaying an abnormal male accessory gland by ultrasound analysis.9A recent study demonstrated that in patients with male accessory gland infection(MAGI),those with PE showed a significantly increased anterior-posterior diameter(APD)of the SVs compared with those without PE.10Our previous results showed an increased APD of SVs in patients with PE compared with that of healthy volunteers,and confirmed the positive linear relationship between PEDT score and the APD of SVs.11These studies indicated that the changes in SVs were related to PE.Moreover,an increased APD of SVs may indicate infection.12,13Thus,we proposed that seminal vesiculitis may result in PE,and the treatment for seminal vesiculitis in patients with PE may relieve the symptoms of PE.It was reported that Ningmitai capsule was effective in the treatment of chronic prostatitis14-17and urinary tract infection.18-20Therefore,Ningmitai capsule may also be effective in the treatment of seminal vesiculitis.This study aimed to investigate the effect of Ningmitai capsule combined with sertraline on patients with PE and an enlarged APD of the SVs.

METHODS

Participants

The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Jingling Hospital.From March 2015 to April 2016,patients who sought treatment for acquired PE were enrolled in a randomized single-blinded study.Subjects had to meet the following criteria to be included in this study:(a)aged≥18 years in a heterosexual,stable,and monogamous sexual relationship with the same female partner for at least 6 months;(b)ISSM definition of acquired PE with intravaginal ejaculatory latency time(IELT)measured by self-estimated IELT;(c)normal erectile function,assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function-15(IIEF-15)with an erectile function domain≥26;(d)mean APD of SVs≥10 mm;(e)not having prostatitis-like symptoms,such as complaints of perineal and/or ejaculatory pain or discomfort and their total pain index score was≥4;21(f)without any major psychiatric or somatic diseases;(g)not consuming any drugs that affect sexual function or psychological status within 3 months(e.g.,selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors).

REFERENCES

Clinical characteristics of participants

All participants provided written informed consent before the study.Later,all patients underwent a complete andrological and physical examination.The participants were also asked to complete questionnaires that included demographics,self-estimated IELT,the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool(PEDT),the IIEF-15,and the National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index(NIH-CPSI).

31 Chen LY,Chen Z,Wang CQ,et al.Protective effects of different extracts of imperatae rhizoma in rats with adriamycin nephrosis and influence on expression of TGF-beta1,and NF-kappaB p65.Zhong Yao Cai 2015;38(11):2342-2347.

一是重视重视德育教育。作为教师，我们必须明确抓德育就是抓根本，抓德育就是为学生终身发展奠基。学校更要从端正学风的高度出发，大力支持教师理直气壮地抓德育、抓管理，及时发现、表彰宣传德育教育工作突出的先进典型，示范引导全体教师齐心抓、合力管，切实把德育教育工作抓在手上，落到实处。

Randomization and interventions

All patients were randomized into two groups:the sertraline control group and Ningmitai capsule plus sertraline(combined)group on the basis of the patients'code(even numbers:control group;odd numbers:combined group).

In the control group,30 patients received 25 mg/d sertraline(Chengdu LeerPharmaceuticalCo.,Ltd.,Chengdu,Sichuan,China)on evenings without intercourse or 50 mg sertraline 30 min before intercourse,for 3 months.Patients were visited by physicians to examine the PE condition and medication side effects every month for a 3-month period.In the combined group,30 patients received the same sertraline regime plus Ningmitai capsule(Guiyang XinTian Pharmaceutial Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang,China)at a dose of 4 capsules three times per day.Patients were visited by physicians to monitor the PE condition and medication side effects every month for a 3-month period.Each Ningmitai capsule contained the extract obtained from 450 mg Touhualiao(Herba Polygoni Capitati),263 mg Baimaogen(Rhizoma Imperatae),224 mg Dafengteng(Radix Cocculi Trilobi),169 mg Sankezhen(Berberidis radix),169 mg Xianhecao(Herba Agrimoniae),18 mg Furongye(Folium Hibisci Mutabilis)and 226 mg Lianqiao(Fructus Forsythiae suspensae).

Outcomes measured

23 Jiann BP,Huang YJ.Assessing satisfaction in men with premature ejaculation after dapoxetine treatment in re-al-world practice.Int J Clin Pract 2015;69(11):1326-1333.

Statistical analysis

All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19(IBM Corp.Released 2010.IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows,Version 19,Armonk,NY,USA).Continuous variables that were normally distributed were expressed as mean ± standard deviation(xˉ±s)and compared by unpaired Student'st-test between the two groups and pairedt-test before and after the treatments.Quantitative non-normally distributed data were presented as median(quartiles)and compared using a non-parametric test.Comparison of proportions was performed using the χ2test.A value ofP＜ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

Comparison of baseline characteristics

The patient age was(31.0±5.0)and(29.1±4.2)years in the combined and control groups,respectively.No differences were found in sexual abstinence time,sexual hormonal levels,mean APD of SVs and the PEDT score between the combined group and control group before treatment(Table 1).

经典的叙事模式是在特定的历史时期形成的叙事模式，不同的经典叙事模式体现其所形成时代的不同特征，他们代表了人们当时的叙事习惯，体现了当时人们的价值取向以及文化观念。经典的叙事模式是后现代派作家们戏拟的主要对象之一，他们戏拟经典的叙事模式，但在戏拟的过程中却又并非全面贯彻，而是在关键处反其道而行之，最后得出与戏拟对象完全不同的结果。《爵士乐》就是典型的例子。通过对经典的叙事模式的戏拟，在唤醒文学记忆的同时，也达到了讽刺的目的。

PEDT score and APD of SVs before and after treatment

As shown in Figure 1,the PEDT score was significantly reduced in the combined group(baseline 12.1±2.5vs3 month 8.6±3.2,P＜0.001)and control group(baseline 12.9±2.6vs3 month 10.3±1.6,P＜0.001)after treatment compared with before treatment.Furthermore,the PEDT score in the combined group wassignificantly lower than that of the control group(8.6±3.2vs10.3±1.6,P=0.011).Figure 2 shows the differences in APD of SVs in the combined compared with control group.The APD of SVs in the combined group was significantly reduced after treatment[10.8±2.4)vs(12.9±2.2)mm,P=0.001],while the APD of SVs in the control group was equivalent before and after treatment[(12.8±1.7)vs(12.6±1.5)mm,P=0.169].The treatment response rate was higher in the combined group than control group,although not significantly(P=0.273)(Table 2).No severe adverse effects were observed.

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the combined and control groups(ˉ±s)

Notes:combined:Ningmitai capsule and sertraline treatment;control:sertraline alone;FSH:follicle-stimulating hormone;HDL-C:high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol;IIEF-15:International Index of Erectile Function-15 questionnaire;LDL-C:low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol;LH:luteinizing hormone;NIH-CPSI:National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index;PE:premature ejaculation;PEDT:Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool;PRL:prolactin;TC:total cholesterol;TG:triglyceride.

Pvalue 0.124 0.499 0.877 0.888 0.140 0.215 0.577 0.461 0.767 0.194 0.213 0.144 0.059 0.274 0.327 0.250 0.123 0.837 0.163 Item Age(years)Height(cm)Weight(kg)Sexual abstinence(days)Duration of PE(years)Total testosterone(nmol/L)PRL(mIU/L)LH(IU/L)FSH(IU/L)TC(mmol/L)TG(mmol/L)HDL(mmol/L)LDL(mmol/L)PEDT IIEF-15 erectile function score NIH-CPSI pain domain score NIH-CPSI voiding domain score NIH-CPSI quality of life domain score Prostate volume(mL)Combined group(n=30)31.0±5.0 173.7±5.9 71.0±8.2 4.2±1.8 2.1±2.3 17.1±5.5 192.2±69.5 4.1±1.5 5.0±2.1 4.4±0.8 1.3±0.3 1.2±0.2 2.6±0.8 12.1±2.5 27.4±1.3 1.9±2.1 1.1±1.0 2.4±1.7 16.4±2.3 Control group(n=30)29.1±4.2 174.7±5.0 71.4±11.5 4.1±1.9 3.2±2.4 15.3±5.2 202.1±66.8 3.8±1.8 4.9±3.0 4.1±0.9 1.2±0.4 1.3±0.2 2.3±0.6 12.9±2.6 27.7±1.3 1.2±2.1 1.6±1.2 2.3±1.9 17.4±3.0

Figure 1 Comparison of PEDT scores between the combined group(Ningmitai capsule and sertraline)and control group(sertraline alone)during the 3 months of treatment

Control group:25 mg/d sertraline on evenings without intercourse or 50 mg sertraline 30 min before intercourse,for 3 months.Combined group:the same sertraline regime plus Ningmitai capsule at a dose of 4 capsules three times per day.aP＜0.05vsbaseline(week 0);bP＜0.05vscontrol group.PEDT:premature ejaculation diagnostic tool.

Figure 2 Comparison of APD of SVs in combined(Ningmitai capsule and sertraline)and control(sertraline alone)groups before and after treatment

Control group:25 mg/d sertraline on evenings without intercourse or 50 mg sertraline 30 min before intercourse,for 3 months.Combined group:the same sertraline regime plus Ningmitai capsuleat a dose of 4 capsules three times per day.APD:anterior-posterior diameter;SVs:seminal vesicles.aP＜0.05 in combined group before and after treatment.

DISCUSSION

This study showed that the PEDT score was significantly reduced in the control group treated with sertra-line alone,however,the PEDT score was further reduced and the APD of SVs was significantly smaller after the combined treatment with Ningmitai capsule and sertraline compared with the control treatment.These results suggest that the improved outcome for combined treatment may be due to changes in the SVs induced by Ningmitai capsule.

Table 2 Patients'response to the clinical global impression of change after treatment

Variable Much better(n)Better(n)Slightly better(n)No change(n)Slightly worse(n)Worse(n)Much worse(n)Response rate(%)Combined group(n=30)3 10 Control group(n=30)9 6 2 0 0 1 7 1 0 8 4 0 0 73.360.0

Enlargement of SVs may indicate male accessory gland infection or ejaculatory duct obstruction.12,24It was reported that an APD of SVs＞10 mm was a sign of seminal vesiculitis in Chinese males.25-27Our previous study showed that PE patients with an APD of SVs＞10 mm had a higher PEDT score,and the PEDT score was positively correlated to the APD of SVs,11which was consistent with results from an Italian study.10Therefore,we proposed that enlarged SVs may be a potential pathophysiological factor that contributes to PE,and treatment of SVs may relieve the symptoms of PE.

Recent pharmacological research indicated that the effect of Ningmitai capsule is related to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory actions.Touhualiao (Herba Polygoni Capitati),a traditional Miao Medicinal Plant,exhibited antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities,and contained phenolic acids and flavonoids thought to contribute to its major clinical therapeutic efficacies.28-30Baimaogen (Rhizoma Imperatae) decreased TNF-α and NF-κB levels in rats with Adriamycin-induced nephrosis.31Dafengteng(Radix Cocculi Trilobi)was used in the treatment of the syndromes related to inflammation.32Baeet al33reported that Xianhecao(Herba Agrimoniae)suppressed the lipopolysaccharide-induced production of nitric oxide production and proinflammatory cytokines,such as tumor necrosis factor,IL-1β and IL-6,in BV2 microglial cells.Another study showed that ethanol extracts from Furongye(Folium Hibisci Mutabilis)reduced TNF-α,IL-6 and nitric oxide levels in arthritic rats and the macrophage cell line RAW246.7.34Lianqiao(Fructus Forsythiae Suspensae)has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory actions,35and contains the bioactive agent arctigenin.36

It was previously reported that Ningmitai capsule re-lieved the symptoms and improved immunological function in patients with chronic urinary tract infection.20In addition,Ningmitai capsule reduced white blood cell counts in diabetic patients with urinary tract infection,19and decreased white blood cell counts and NIH-CPSI scores in patients with chronic prostatitis.14-16These studies indicated that Ningmitai capsule was effective in the treatment of urinary tract infection and prostatitis in clinical practice.Therefore,it was considered that Ningmitai capsule may provide an effective treatment for male accessory gland infection,including seminal vesiculitis.The current study showed that the combined group treated with Ningmitai capsule and sertraline exhibited a significantly reduced PEDT score and APD of SVs compared with the control group.The improved treatment outcomes in the combined group may be due to Ningmitai capsule actions reducing the APD of SVs.

The exact mechanism of PE is still not known,however,considerable progress has been made in understanding the etiology of PE.Acquired PE is most commonly due to sexual performance anxiety,psychological problems,or ejaculation dysfunction and is occasionally due to prostatitis,hyperthyroidism,or withdrawal from prescribed drugs.5In these circumstances,acquired PE can often be reversed after the treatment of the underlying cause or disorder.6,7

In conclusion,our findings demonstrated that Ningmitai capsule combined with sertraline provided better outcomes compared with sertraline alone in the treatment of PE patients with enlarged SVs,and combined treatment actions may involve the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of Ningmitai capsule.This study suggests that seminal vesiculitis may be a pathophysiological factor for acquired PE.

没过几天，他就跟那些科学家和船员坐在一张桌子旁边吃饭了，他馋得不得了地望着面前这么多好吃的东西，焦急地瞧着它溜进别人口里。每逢别人咽下一口的时候，他眼睛里就会流露出一种深深惋惜的表情。他的神志非常清醒，可是，每逢吃饭的时候，他免不了要恨这些人。他给恐惧缠住了，他老怕粮食维持不了多久。他向厨子，船舱里的服务员和船长打听食物的贮藏量。他们对他保证了无数次，但是他仍然不相信，仍然会狡猾地溜到贮藏室附近亲自窥探。

Lu B H, Lan H B, Liu H Z. Additive manufacturing frontier: 3D printing electronics. Opto-Electronic Advances 1, 170004 (2018).

1 Montorsi F.Prevalence of premature ejaculation:a global and regional perspective.J Sex Med 2005;2 Suppl 2:96-102.

2 Waldinger MD.Premature ejaculation:state of the art.Urol Clin North Am 2007;34(4):591-599:vii-viii.

3 Laumann EO,Nicolosi A,Glasser DB,et al.Sexual problems among women and men aged 40-80 y:prevalence and correlates identified in the global study of sexual attitudes and behaviors.Int J Impot Res 2005;17(1):39-57.

使用多元线性回归分析，以学业成绩为因变量，父亲依恋、母亲依恋、同伴依恋为自变量，进行回归检验，结果如下：

4 Althof SE,McMahon CG,Waldinger MD,et al.An update of the international society of sexual medicine's guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of premature ejaculation(PE).J Sex Med 2014;11(6):1392-1422.

整个环太湖地区1961—1970年间各站降水幅度不同,区域增减不一(表5)。春季,普遍出现减少趋势,除宜兴站略有增加趋势;夏季,各站降水量普遍存在增加趋势,增幅最大出现在宜兴地区,为19.71 mm/10 a,而增幅最小的是嘉兴站,为0.58 mm/10 a;秋季,整体都出现减少趋势,最明显的是嘉兴地区,为-13.05 mm/(10 a),最不显著的是太湖东部的苏州和吴江地区;冬季,环太湖地区的降水又出现明显的增加趋势,增加幅度最大的是宜兴站,为18.28 mm/(10 a),最小的是常州站,为11.65 mm/(10 a)。此外可以发现,整个区域的降水变化有一定的季节周期性。

5 Serefoglu EC,McMahon CG,Waldinger MD,et al.An evidence-based unified definition of lifelong and acquired premature ejaculation:report of the second international society for sexual medicine ad hoc committee for the definition of premature ejaculation.Sex Med2014;2(2):41-59.

6 El-Nashaar A,Shamloul R.Antibiotic treatment can delay ejaculation in patients with premature ejaculation and chronic bacterial prostatitis.J Sex Med 2007;4(2):491-496.

7 Cihan A,Demir O,Demir T,Aslan G,Comlekci A,Esen A.The relationship between premature ejaculation and hyperthyroidism.J Urol 2009;181(3):1273-1280.

8 Rowland D,McMahon CG,Abdo C,et al.Disorders of orgasm and ejaculation in men.J Sex Med 2010;7(4 Pt 2):1668-1686.

9 La Vignera S,Condorelli R,Vicari E,D'Agata R,Calogero AE.High frequency of sexual dysfunction in patients with male accessory gland infections.Andrologia 2012;44 Suppl 1:438-446.

10 La Vignera S,Condorelli RA,Vicari E,Favilla V,Morgia G,Calogero AE.Acquired premature ejaculation and male accessory gland infection:relevance of ultrasound examination.Asian J Androl 2016;18(5):769-772.

11 Hong ZW,Feng YM,Ge YF,et al.Relation of size of seminal vesicles on ultrasound to premature ejaculation.Asian J Androl 2017;19(5):554-560.

其实最后一刻，念蓉几乎动摇。她非常希望楚墨所说的一切都是真的，可是细想来，每一个字又都那般可疑。即将睡着的时候，念蓉想，在这件事情上，她也许有些太过分了。当然不是对楚墨过分，而是对这件事情的处理方式过分。就算楚墨真的在外面招惹女人，错只在楚墨，或者只在那个被楚墨招惹的叫做静秋的女人，跟姐姐与姐夫有什么关系呢？跟陈老先生与陈老太太又有什么关系呢？她犯得着往电台打电话？她有什么资格让毫不相干的人跟她担惊受怕？

12 Vicari E.Seminal leukocyte concentration and related specific reactive oxygen species production in patients with male accessory gland infections.Hum Reprod 1999;14(8):2025-2030.

13 Lotti F,Maggi M.Ultrasound of the male genital tract in relation to male reproductive health.Hum Reprod Update 2015;21(1):56-83.

14 Liu ZC,Li GY,Huang W.Clinical analysis on ningmitai capsule combined with harnal capsule in treating chronic non-acterial prostatitis.Lin Chuang He Li Yong Yao Za Zhi 2010;3(16):26-27.

15 Lai WZ,Wu H,Chen ZN.Efficacy of combined treatment with ningmitai capsule and prostant on chronic refractory prostatitis in 100 cases.Re Dai Yi Xue Za Zhi 2005;6:21.

16 Qian Y,Xia RH,Zhou WB,et al.Evaluation of ningmitai-terazosin and prostat for treatment of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis.Beng Bu Yi Xue Yuan Xue Bao 2005;3:28.

17 Huang BX,Su HC,Sun FK.Compound ciprofloxacin suppository combined with ningbitai and yunnan baiyao for histological prostatitis with PSA elevation.Zhong Hua Nan Ke Xue 2012;18(11):986-990.

18 Jian GH,Jiang JG,Li JH.Clinical study of combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine treatment in patients of recurrent urinary tract infections.Zhong Guo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Shen Bing Za Zhi 2011;2:15.

19 Liu L,Tian MQ,Huang WJ.Clinical observation on efficacy of Ningmitai capsule for treatment of patients with diabetic urinary tract infection.Zhong Guo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Ji Jiu Za Zhi 2014;(5):368-371.

20 Qin SG.Clinical analysis of Ningmitai capsule on 60 cases chronic urinary tract infection.Hebei Yi Xue 2004;10(8):12.

汤家不愿接受警察的推断，真是溺水的话也得有尸体啊。汤家老老小小连同汤莲的几个好同学都出动了，在县城方圆十里的范围内搜索。一个月之后，还是没有结果。警察的推断是，沙河那么长，漂到下游的可能也是有的。汤家只好接受现实，唯有汤翠不乐意。活生生的一个人，说不见就不见了，总得有个说法啊。到最后，坚持寻找的只有汤翠。好在汤莲的同班同学侯大同也没有放弃，不离不弃地跟着汤翠，听说哪儿发现了尸体，他们总是惊惶不安地赶过去。

28 Ma F,Gong X,Zhou X,Zhao Y,Li M.An UHPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of gallic acid and protocatechuic acid in rat plasma after oral administration of Polygonum capitatum extract and its application to pharmacokinetics.J Ethnopharmacol 2015;162:377-383.

22 Lotti F,Corona G,Colpi GM,et al.Seminal vesicles ultrasound features in a cohort of infertility patients.Hum Reprod 2012;27(4):974-982.

Transrectal ultrasound was performed before and after treatments.The treatment outcome was assessed by the PEDT and CGIC questionnaire.According to the response to the CGIC question'Compared with before starting treatment,would you describe your PE problem as:1,much worse;2,worse;3,slightly worse;4,no change;5,slightly better;6,better;or 7,much better?',responders to treatment were defined as patients who answered at least'slightly better',and non-responders were defined as patients who selected 1-4.23

24 Jungwirth A,Giwercman A,Tournaye H,et al.European Association of Urology guidelines on male infertility:the 2012 update.Eur Urol 2012;62(2):324-332.

25 Lan ZH,Xie CP,Liao SC,Nie Y.The clinical study of the diagnostic criteria of vesiculitis with transrectal ultrasound.Zhong Guo Chao Sheng Yi Xue Za Zhi 2015;31(9):857-859.

对外封闭，对内开敞。余荫山房地处闹市，无外景可借，在整体空间布局中呈现对外封闭的状态，符合《园冶》中“俗则屏之，嘉则收之”的借景原则。另外，岭南地区日照时间长、太阳幅射强、空气湿度大等气候特征是余荫山房内部空间开敞的主要原因。

26 Fan HT,Wang WH.Diagnosis of cystospermitis by transrectal ultrasound.Yi Xue Lin Chuang Yan Jiu 2008;25(7):5.

27 Que YH,Wang XM.Diagnostic value of trans-rectal ultrasound in seminal vesiculitis.Zhong Guo Chao Sheng Yi Xue Za Zhi 2006;22(1):47-50.

21 Nickel JC,Downey J,Hunter D,Clark J.Prevalence of prostatitis-like symptoms in a population based study using the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index.J Urol 2001;165(3):842-845.

29 Liao SG,Zhang LJ,Sun F,et al.Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of extracts and fractions from Polygonum capitatum.J Ethnopharmacol 2011;134(3):1006-1009.

30 Zhang K,Zhang J,Wei S,Jing W,Wang Y,Liu A.Development and validation of HPLC coupled with triple quadrupole MS for the simultaneous determination of six phenolic acids,six flavonoids,and a lignan in Polygonum capitatum.J Sep Sci 2013;36(15):2407-2413.

室温下，分别用超纯水配制50 mL质量浓度为200 ng·L-1的 HHCB 和 AHTN 溶液，用 H2SO4和NaOH将反应体系的pH值调节为4，H2O2与Fe2+投入量分别为 800 μmol·L-1与 400 μmol·L-1，反应时间分别为 5、10、15、20、30、40、50、60 min。不同反应时间下HHCB和AHTN的去除率如图10所示。

Blood samples were drawn in the morning(between 8:00 and 10:00 am)after an overnight fast.The biochemical analyses included total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels.Total testosterone,follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone,and prolactin levels were evaluated using a chemiluminescent immunoassay system(Beckman Coulter,Inc.,Brea,CA).The prostate-vesicular region was assessed by rectal ultrasonography(Nemio-XG580,Toshiba,Tokyo,Japan)as reported by Lottiet al,22and the APD of SVs was measured.

32 Chen CF,Shen YC,Chou CJ.Chemical and Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation of Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae.The 2nd World Integrative Medicine Congress;2002 Sep.Beijing:China Academic Journal Electroic Publishing House,2002:84-85.

33 Bae H,Kim HJ,Shin M,et al.Inhibitory effect of agrimoniae herba on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokine production in BV2 microglial cells.Neurol Res 2010;32 Suppl 1:53-57.

34 Wang J,Li X,Gao L,Wang X.In vitroanti-inflammatory mechanism of Folium Hibisci Mutabilis leaves ethanol extracts.Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2014;11(1):127-130.

提出了含有分布式光伏发电的配电网概率潮流分析算法，较高缓变率的传统发电机的配电调度补偿了光伏发电机的变化。结果表明，针对发电成本优化中的不确定性问题，提出的概率优化调度策略可以有效的解决配电网调度问题。基于概率结果分析，还可以得出以下结论：

35 Guo YP,Lin LG,Wang YT.Chemistry and pharmacology of the herb pair Flos Lonicerae japonicae-Forsythiae fructus.Chin Med 2015;10:16.

36 Kang HS,Lee JY,Kim CJ.Anti-inflammatory activity of arctigenin from Forsythiae Fructus.J Ethnopharmacol 2008;116(2):305-312.