毕业论文的评语有两种：一是指导导师意见，二是答辩委员会意见。(一)指导导师意见的写法指导导师意见，主要是从写作角度对全篇论文作出评价。评价要点是：1．观点是否正确、鲜明；2．论据是否充分；3，分析是否全面；4．结构是否合理；5．语句是否通顺；6．有无现实指导意义。该文从对企业文化（Corporate Culture）的理解入手，讨论了企业文化的主要内容，然后着重论述了企业文化建设在hiring, training和assessing三个方面的问题，并强调创新在企业文化建设中的重要性。文章选题有一定的现实意义，说明作者平时比较注意资料和知识的积累，并善于总结。全文层次比较合理，条理基本清晰，说理过程中利用著名公司的案例来阐述论点，增强了文章的说服力。文章内容、形式和语言比较合乎规范。但是定稿中仍存在少量格式和语言错误，全文的逻辑性稍差，如果能提出具体建议会比较有参考价值。初稿评语：论文题与论文的内容基本相符，结构基本完整，语言也比较通顺，没有大的语法错误。问题是，全文引用的部分太多，自己的分析太少。应当说，完成这篇论文所需的材料已经具备，作者可以在此基础上对材料进行分析归纳以得出自己的结论[例二]初稿评语:论文涉及的内容对跨国公司内文化冲突的解决有一定的指导意义。论述比较充分，条理比较清晰。在东西方文化的对比中，作者举了很多有趣的例子，但对近在眼前的中国的例子却很少。东方文化的例子多取自日本文化，这是一个很大的缺陷。文章层次分得过细是另一个缺点，几乎一个自然段一层，如不仔细看反而更令人糊涂。在打印格式、拼写、用词上有不少错误，特别是论文的后半部分。参考文献部分尚缺出版社地点。定稿评语:论文结构完整，各部分基本符合英语论文的写作规范。作者试图从东西方文化对比的角度分析跨国公司内的文化冲突并寻找解决的途径。为了写好这篇论文作者显然查阅了大量的资料，论述比较充分，条理也很清晰。遗憾的是，由于作者本人没有跨国公司的工作经历，也没有去跨国公司作相应的考察，因此，她的论述只能基于阅读中获得的二手资料，而所谓东方文化又多以日本的资料为代表，要解决人们更为关心的在华跨国公司内的文化冲突问题，读者更需要的则是中西文化的对比，这方面作者虽然在以后各稿中补充了一些，仍显不足。[例三]初稿评语:论文的选题很好，有创意。作者对Maslow的心理学理论及Jack London的原著都有所研究。问题主要表面在：1：对英语论文的格式很不了解，Introduction部分又是图表又是分节。论文的后边没有结语，参考文献的排列也不规范；2：观点方面的错误在于竟然认为人类心理学的理论也适用于动物。其实杰克伦敦作品中的那条狗在某种程度上说是拟人化了的，是体现所谓权力意志的超人，或super dog。此外语法上也有一些错误。二稿评语:作者在一稿的基础上作了比较认真的修改。论文从内容到形式上都有很大的改进。从网上下载的两个与文章内容关系不大的流程图已被删除。前言中的部分内容已按要求移到了正文部分。添加了结论部分，尽管内容还有待充实。参考文献部分已重排但仍有不规范的地方。
去中国知网上找些论文看下，或许有灵感
论文评语怎么写？论文评语范例模板大全 在五分钟的陈述中，该生介绍了论文的主要内容与结构，以及为此进行的研究，显示出对所研究的问题有一定的认识。视频设计很漂亮，但不太符合专业要求，若多从计算机专业的角度对实现过程进行设计则更好。 论文借助统计分析软件对xxxx进行了因素分析，论文内容丰富条理清晰结构完整，资料收集详实，数据准确，论证清晰有力，论据充分可靠，结论可靠。 该生专业素养比较好，对所提问题回答流利，正确率高，对实现过程中遇到的难题认识到位，时间把握得当，若能用比较新的运行环境进行实现相对好。 论文陈述清晰明白，开门见山，直接入题。对老师的提问能流利作答，思路清晰，但对论文中的部分代码解释不楚，有少量语言错误，望今后的研究中多创新。 结合数学知识用计算机技术来处理地质问题，对方法原理掌握透彻，论文有比较好的创新。对快速傅里叶和小波变换图的结果分析到位，处理结果良好，计算机基础素养好。答辩中主要问题回答准确深入。论文中变换的指标若有对比会更好。 该生在规定时间内比较流利清楚的阐述论文的主要内容，能恰当回答与论文有关的问题，态度谦虚，体现了比较扎实的计算机基础。建议把图像的打开功能用适当的文字表达出来，继续完善使论文格式规范化。 该论文选题合理，为xxxx提供理论支持，研究意义重大。 该生流利地陈述了写作该论文的目的理论与实践意义，古玩网站设计过程很规范，但实体和概念之间联系少，整个设计应该尽量符合计算机方面的要求。 该论文反映出了作者在本门学科方面坚实的理论基础系统的专业知识以及良好的科研能力。达到了硕士学位论文的要求，建议安排答辩。学士学位论文评语【最新篇】 该作品体现作者的原创性。在制作过程中，作者参考的元素很多，同时，能巧妙的灵活运用到实际的创作中，此举值得学习。色彩整体搭配较和谐。结构严谨。但是，广告语和广告标题与图片联系的力度还不够。 该生具有扎实的广告专业基础知识。构图结构合理。版面整洁。绘图规范。能较好的表现设计主题。符合设计的基本要求。但是，此平面广告的整体效果一般，应该加强整体效果的设计考虑。 该作品具有一定的视觉冲击力。给广告受众一定的视觉感染力。整体效果统一自然。注意整体结构的布局。留给大家想象的空间。但广告语还不够经典，还有些色彩的细节忽略了。 该副作品采用对比的手法来表现，灰色调和彩色形成鲜明的对比。代表后学生对地球未来的思考和对环保的关注。具有一定的创意元素。图片整体搭配和谐，标题发人深醒。 该作品体现作者具有一定的计算机绘图功底。主题突出明确。创意较好。设计理念清晰。结构基本合理。色彩的搭配较合理。优化处理图片较得当。但是广告标题值得推敲。 该作品创意新颖，体现作者的创作能力。布局合理，色彩搭配合理。该生在设计过程中表现积极，态度端正，及时与老师沟通，并能合理听取意见。在创作中，该作品体现一定的创新精神。但是，在整体结构的考虑上还做得不够。 该作品设计思路清晰，中心思想突出，主题明确。整体切合毕业设计要求。在制作过程中，作者煞费苦心，积极构思，努力找突破口，基本实现了自主化设计。作品整体布局得当，效果较好。 该作品体现作者所学的理论与实践的结合，创作灵感丰富。体现作者的个性和刻苦精神。绘图整体规范，效果较好。结构布局合理。总体设计效果好。但是作品原创性不足，还应改进。 该作品具有一定的想象力，同时具有一定的创造力。在制作过程中，作者深思熟虑，把广告学的基本知识融入在具体创作实践中，取得一定的突破。作品整体效果一般，缺乏独创。 该作品切合主题，条理清楚，构图协调，广告元素运用充分。在制作过程中，该同学态度认真，虚心向指导老师请教，积极发挥自己的智慧。作品整体符合设计大纲要求。但还缺乏独创性，在色彩的搭配上还做得不够。 该生创作灵感丰富，积极运用计算机绘图技术和自己具备的专业知识，完成了这幅作品。此作品结构布局合理，内容丰富，整体效果良好。但缺乏创意点，广告词也不够好。 该生广告学功底较好，在设计中虚心听取他人的意见和建议，设计积极。作品色彩鲜明，线条清晰，主题表现明确，整体效果良好，符合平面广告的基本构成要素。是一副合格的作品。 该同学在设计过程中，多次与指导老师交流沟通，悉心听取老师的建议，并把它融入到自己的作品创作中。整个过程均自主完成作品。作品整体效果较好，体现广告主题要求。 该作品能充分表现主题，构图整体和谐美观大方。作者注重色彩和线条的搭配，能把广告基础理论知识与专业实践有机结合在一起，值得表扬。但是，该平面广告整体缺少吸引要素，不能起到让人记忆深刻的效果。 该同学设计理念切合主题，表意鲜明，突出主题。设计中，该生积极寻求指导和帮助，大量吸取他人的意见和建议。作品整体效果美观大方，有一定的广告宣传效果。但广告部够经典，不能发人深省。
优秀（90分以上）论文评语参考范例本论文选题有很强的应用价值，文献材料收集详实，综合运用了所学知识解决问题，所得书记合理，结论正确，有创新见解。另外论文格式正确，书写规范，条理清晰，语言流畅。该论文的文献调研全面系统，立题指导思想明确，实验设计合理可行，能够按照实验计划进行，并达到预期效果。良好（80-89分）论文评语参考范例论文选题适当，有一定的独立见解，论证充分，占有资料广泛，但理论和实例支撑不够。英语语言表达基本顺畅，仅存在个别语法错误，论文格式符合规范要求。该论文选题较为新颖，视角较为独特，体现了一定的人力资源管理理论的扎实功底，特别是文章能够结合相关的案例对课题进行论证分析，具有一定的实用价值。经过对论文的审核可以看出，作者在资料和案例收集上花了不少功夫，也能够提出一些较为深刻的观点，但在理论的深度和部分论据的引证上还存在一定的欠缺之处。总体而言，这是一篇合格的论文。中（70-79分）论文评语参考范例论文选题比较适当，观点正确，但缺少独创性的思想，论证内容比较充分，但缺乏论证深度。英语表达比较通顺，但存在少量语法错误。论文格式符合规范要求。及格（60-69分）论文评语参考范例论文选题缺乏新意，论证不够充分，具体
毕业论文的评语有两种：一是指导导师意见，二是答辩委员会意见。(一)指导导师意见的写法指导导师意见，主要是从写作角度对全篇论文作出评价。评价要点是：1．观点是否正确、鲜明；2．论据是否充分；3，分析是否全面；4．结构是否合理；5．语句是否通顺；6．有无现实指导意义。该文从对企业文化（Corporate Culture）的理解入手，讨论了企业文化的主要内容，然后着重论述了企业文化建设在hiring, training和assessing三个方面的问题，并强调创新在企业文化建设中的重要性。文章选题有一定的现实意义，说明作者平时比较注意资料和知识的积累，并善于总结。全文层次比较合理，条理基本清晰，说理过程中利用著名公司的案例来阐述论点，增强了文章的说服力。文章内容、形式和语言比较合乎规范。但是定稿中仍存在少量格式和语言错误，全文的逻辑性稍差，如果能提出具体建议会比较有参考价值。初稿评语：论文题与论文的内容基本相符，结构基本完整，语言也比较通顺，没有大的语法错误。问题是，全文引用的部分太多，自己的分析太少。应当说，完成这篇论文所需的材料已经具备，作者可以在此基础上对材料进行分析归纳以得出自己的结论[例二]初稿评语:论文涉及的内容对跨国公司内文化冲突的解决有一定的指导意义。论述比较充分，条理比较清晰。在东西方文化的对比中，作者举了很多有趣的例子，但对近在眼前的中国的例子却很少。东方文化的例子多取自日本文化，这是一个很大的缺陷。文章层次分得过细是另一个缺点，几乎一个自然段一层，如不仔细看反而更令人糊涂。在打印格式、拼写、用词上有不少错误，特别是论文的后半部分。参考文献部分尚缺出版社地点。定稿评语:论文结构完整，各部分基本符合英语论文的写作规范。作者试图从东西方文化对比的角度分析跨国公司内的文化冲突并寻找解决的途径。为了写好这篇论文作者显然查阅了大量的资料，论述比较充分，条理也很清晰。遗憾的是，由于作者本人没有跨国公司的工作经历，也没有去跨国公司作相应的考察，因此，她的论述只能基于阅读中获得的二手资料，而所谓东方文化又多以日本的资料为代表，要解决人们更为关心的在华跨国公司内的文化冲突问题，读者更需要的则是中西文化的对比，这方面作者虽然在以后各稿中补充了一些，仍显不足。[例三]初稿评语:论文的选题很好，有创意。作者对Maslow的心理学理论及Jack London的原著都有所研究。问题主要表面在：1：对英语论文的格式很不了解，Introduction部分又是图表又是分节。论文的后边没有结语，参考文献的排列也不规范；2：观点方面的错误在于竟然认为人类心理学的理论也适用于动物。其实杰克伦敦作品中的那条狗在某种程度上说是拟人化了的，是体现所谓权力意志的超人，或super dog。此外语法上也有一些错误。二稿评语:作者在一稿的基础上作了比较认真的修改。论文从内容到形式上都有很大的改进。从网上下载的两个与文章内容关系不大的流程图已被删除。前言中的部分内容已按要求移到了正文部分。添加了结论部分，尽管内容还有待充实。参考文献部分已重排但仍有不规范的地方。
论文评语怎么写？论文评语范例模板大全 在五分钟的陈述中，该生介绍了论文的主要内容与结构，以及为此进行的研究，显示出对所研究的问题有一定的认识。视频设计很漂亮，但不太符合专业要求，若多从计算机专业的角度对实现过程进行设计则更好。 论文借助统计分析软件对xxxx进行了因素分析，论文内容丰富条理清晰结构完整，资料收集详实，数据准确，论证清晰有力，论据充分可靠，结论可靠。 该生专业素养比较好，对所提问题回答流利，正确率高，对实现过程中遇到的难题认识到位，时间把握得当，若能用比较新的运行环境进行实现相对好。 论文陈述清晰明白，开门见山，直接入题。对老师的提问能流利作答，思路清晰，但对论文中的部分代码解释不楚，有少量语言错误，望今后的研究中多创新。 结合数学知识用计算机技术来处理地质问题，对方法原理掌握透彻，论文有比较好的创新。对快速傅里叶和小波变换图的结果分析到位，处理结果良好，计算机基础素养好。答辩中主要问题回答准确深入。论文中变换的指标若有对比会更好。 该生在规定时间内比较流利清楚的阐述论文的主要内容，能恰当回答与论文有关的问题，态度谦虚，体现了比较扎实的计算机基础。建议把图像的打开功能用适当的文字表达出来，继续完善使论文格式规范化。 该论文选题合理，为xxxx提供理论支持，研究意义重大。 该生流利地陈述了写作该论文的目的理论与实践意义，古玩网站设计过程很规范，但实体和概念之间联系少，整个设计应该尽量符合计算机方面的要求。 该论文反映出了作者在本门学科方面坚实的理论基础系统的专业知识以及良好的科研能力。达到了硕士学位论文的要求，建议安排答辩。学士学位论文评语【最新篇】 该作品体现作者的原创性。在制作过程中，作者参考的元素很多，同时，能巧妙的灵活运用到实际的创作中，此举值得学习。色彩整体搭配较和谐。结构严谨。但是，广告语和广告标题与图片联系的力度还不够。 该生具有扎实的广告专业基础知识。构图结构合理。版面整洁。绘图规范。能较好的表现设计主题。符合设计的基本要求。但是，此平面广告的整体效果一般，应该加强整体效果的设计考虑。 该作品具有一定的视觉冲击力。给广告受众一定的视觉感染力。整体效果统一自然。注意整体结构的布局。留给大家想象的空间。但广告语还不够经典，还有些色彩的细节忽略了。 该副作品采用对比的手法来表现，灰色调和彩色形成鲜明的对比。代表后学生对地球未来的思考和对环保的关注。具有一定的创意元素。图片整体搭配和谐，标题发人深醒。 该作品体现作者具有一定的计算机绘图功底。主题突出明确。创意较好。设计理念清晰。结构基本合理。色彩的搭配较合理。优化处理图片较得当。但是广告标题值得推敲。 该作品创意新颖，体现作者的创作能力。布局合理，色彩搭配合理。该生在设计过程中表现积极，态度端正，及时与老师沟通，并能合理听取意见。在创作中，该作品体现一定的创新精神。但是，在整体结构的考虑上还做得不够。 该作品设计思路清晰，中心思想突出，主题明确。整体切合毕业设计要求。在制作过程中，作者煞费苦心，积极构思，努力找突破口，基本实现了自主化设计。作品整体布局得当，效果较好。 该作品体现作者所学的理论与实践的结合，创作灵感丰富。体现作者的个性和刻苦精神。绘图整体规范，效果较好。结构布局合理。总体设计效果好。但是作品原创性不足，还应改进。 该作品具有一定的想象力，同时具有一定的创造力。在制作过程中，作者深思熟虑，把广告学的基本知识融入在具体创作实践中，取得一定的突破。作品整体效果一般，缺乏独创。 该作品切合主题，条理清楚，构图协调，广告元素运用充分。在制作过程中，该同学态度认真，虚心向指导老师请教，积极发挥自己的智慧。作品整体符合设计大纲要求。但还缺乏独创性，在色彩的搭配上还做得不够。 该生创作灵感丰富，积极运用计算机绘图技术和自己具备的专业知识，完成了这幅作品。此作品结构布局合理，内容丰富，整体效果良好。但缺乏创意点，广告词也不够好。 该生广告学功底较好，在设计中虚心听取他人的意见和建议，设计积极。作品色彩鲜明，线条清晰，主题表现明确，整体效果良好，符合平面广告的基本构成要素。是一副合格的作品。 该同学在设计过程中，多次与指导老师交流沟通，悉心听取老师的建议，并把它融入到自己的作品创作中。整个过程均自主完成作品。作品整体效果较好，体现广告主题要求。 该作品能充分表现主题，构图整体和谐美观大方。作者注重色彩和线条的搭配，能把广告基础理论知识与专业实践有机结合在一起，值得表扬。但是，该平面广告整体缺少吸引要素，不能起到让人记忆深刻的效果。 该同学设计理念切合主题，表意鲜明，突出主题。设计中，该生积极寻求指导和帮助，大量吸取他人的意见和建议。作品整体效果美观大方，有一定的广告宣传效果。但广告部够经典，不能发人深省。
论文评语范文： 1、论文选题比较适当，观点正确，但缺少独创性的思想，论证内容比较充分，但缺乏论证深度。英语表达比较通顺，但存在少量语法错误。论文格式符合规范要求。 2、论文选题缺乏新意，论证不够充分，具体例证较少，老生常谈的内容偏多，引用他人观点的比例偏大。英语表达基本达意，但存在较多的语法错误。论文格式基本符合要求。 3、选题不适当;观点不正确;语法错误过多;抄袭现象严重;论文格式不符合规范要求;没有按时间要求完成论文。 4、论文选题有新意，有实际应用价值，论文有自己独到的观点，能够反映出学生的创造性劳动，结构安排合理，论证充分、透彻，有足够的理论和实例支撑，英语语言表达顺畅、得体，没有语法错误，论文格式符合规范要求。 5、本论文选题有很强的应用价值，文献材料收集详实，综合运用了所学知识解决问题，所得书记合理，结论正确，有创新见解。另外论文格式正确，书写规范，条理清晰，语言流畅。 6、该论文的文献调研全面系统，立题指导思想明确，实验设计合理可行，能够按照实验计划进行，并达到预期效果。 7、论文撰写思路清晰，语言流畅简练，层次清晰，逻辑性较强，用词准确，各种数据、图表齐备、规范，文献引用正确，科学性较强。表明该学生具有一定的理论基础和科研能力。 8、该论文选题正确,结构合理,内容丰富,数据资料充分,分析方法先进,写作进度安排合理,结论和建议具有区域现实意义,建议推荐为校级优秀毕业论文 9、论文选题适当，有一定的独立见解，论证充分，占有资料广泛，但理论和实例支撑不够。英语语言表达基本顺畅，仅存在个别语法错误，论文格式符合规范要求。
论文选题比较适当，观点正确，但缺少独创性的思想，论证内容比较充分，但缺乏论证深度。英语表达比较通顺，但存在少量语法错误。论文格式符合规范要求。 语言表达一般，格式完全符合规范要求;参考了一定的文献资料，其时效性一般;未见明显抄袭现象。 论文选题符合专业培养目标，基本能够达到综合训练目标，题目难度较小，工作量不大。论文选题一般。 该生查阅文献资料能力较差，不能全面收集关于考试系统的资料，写作过程中综合运用考试系统知识，全面分析考试系统问题的能力较差强。 文章篇幅符合学院规定，内容不够完整，层次结构安排存在一定问题，主要观点不够突出，逻辑性较差，没有个人见解。 文题有偏差，论点不够突出，论述不能紧紧围绕主题。 语言表达较差，格式符合规范要求;占有资料较少，其时效性较差;有部分内容与他人成果雷同。 在为期三个月的毕业设计中，该同学能在老师的严格要求下顺利完成整个毕业设计工作和论文的撰写。程序能正确的运行，界面安排合理，论文符合要求。 在整个毕业设计的过程，态度端正，学习也比较认真，时间安排也很合理，能按时到实验室，不存在无故早退或迟到的情况。能基本在每个阶段完成相应的任务，还能主动加班，做到时间上前紧后松。当然，在这其间也存在一些不足和需要提高的地方。
就是对论文的平价，论文的好处，优点，有什么提升的地方都写出来。
选题符合专业的目标和特色，而且选题很具有针对性和现实意义。文章结构安排合理，层次清楚，写作是参考的相关文献资料与主题联系紧密，而且参考的资料比较新，在写作的过程中作者较好地运用专业知识来分析，再论证过程中，主要用理论论证和事实论证。但文章不足之处在于语句表达不清晰，论证还不够深刻充分，创新点还不够。总体上符合毕业论文要求。这是论文评语怎么写的范文。
先案例，评语，分析+法律条文
学术堂整理了四条论文评语范例，供大家进行参考： 1、全文结构基本合理科学，逻辑思路清晰，观点表达准确，语言流畅，论证方法较合理，参考的文献资料符合主题要求，从主题到内容符合专业要求，部分与本分之间衔接的比较紧密，但个别引文没有标著出来，真正属于自己创新的内容还不是很多，个别概念比较模糊，总体上达到毕业论文要求。 2、研究内容具有现实性和可操作性。选题社会热点问题，逻辑结构严谨。观点表达清楚，论述全面。语言平实简洁，通俗易懂。在论证过程中也能较好地将专业知识原理与现实问题结合起来。但论据还不够。总体上符合毕业论文要求。 3、选题较具时代性和现实性。全文结构安排合理。观点表达基本准确。全文内容紧扣行政管理专业要求来写，充分体现出行政管理专业特色。查阅的相关资料较多。但不足之处主要是属于自己创新的东西还不多。总体上符合毕业论文要求。 4、研究……为题，充分的体现时代特色性。能为中国行政管理问题的解诀提供参考价值。全文结构合理，思路清晰，观点明显。在论证过程中能教好的将论证与案例论证结合起来。不足之处是部分论点的论据还缺乏说服力。
选什么主题不都可以吗，这有什么，你又不是法律翻译专业非得是翻译方面的，或者非得选某个方向。
O J Simpson murder case辛普森杀妻案The O J Simpson murder case has been described as the most publicized criminal trial in history,[1] in which O J Simpson, former American football star and actor, was brought to trial for the murder of his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ronald G Simpson was acquitted in 1995 after a lengthy trial, the longest jury trial in California [2]Simpson hired a high-profile defense team led by Johnnie Cochran and F Lee B Los Angeles County believed it had a solid prosecution case, but Cochran created in the minds of the jury the belief that there was reasonable doubt about the DNA evidence (then a relatively new type of evidence in trials),[3] including that the blood-sample evidence had allegedly been mishandled by lab scientists and [4] Cochran and the defense team also alleged other misconduct by the Los Angeles Police D The televising of the lengthy trial riveted national attention on the dramatic By the end of the criminal trial, national surveys showed dramatic differences between most blacks and most whites in terms of their assessment of Simpson's [5]Later, both the Brown and Goldman families sued Simpson for damages in a civil trial, which has a lower standard of proof for determining [citation needed] On February 5, 1997, the jury unanimously found there was a preponderance of evidence to find Simpson liable for damages in the wrongful death of Goldman and battery of B In its conclusions, the jury effectively found Simpson liable for the death of his ex-wife and Ron G[6] On February 21, 2008, a Los Angeles court upheld a renewal of the civil judgment against 这个案子很经典，上面的一段是wiki上的英文案例，你可以找一些关于这个的中文资料，然后选择一个角度（比如种族歧视与陪审团制度的矛盾、毒树之果原则、媒体和舆论与司法公正的矛盾等等），或者一篇参考的中文文章（很多中国的法律人也会研究这个案子，发表一些观点），自己写或者翻译一篇英文论文出来就是了。下面引用一段英文资料，有个人在提问，为什么法院在刑事诉讼中判决辛普森无罪，但是在民事诉讼中又判决他赔偿自己妻子死亡赔偿金。 Jeralyn Merritt对这个问题进行了简略的回答。我想你大一的论文，字数要求不会太多，所以参考一下他这段答复吧。如果字数不够就把上面wiki的资料加一些进去,简单的交待一下案情。Q I am a high school government student, and I have a question that has been bothering me that my teacher refuses to In the OJ Simpson case I know that the state jury did not find him guilty on the charge of murder, but the federal court did on the charge of wrongful What is the difference and why were they able to do that? -- Geni A OJ Simpson was charged with first degree murder in the state court in C The jury found him "Not G" A "not guilty" verdict means the state failed to prove the charges "beyond a reasonable doubt", which is the standard of proof in all criminal Criminal cases are brought on behalf of the citizens of a particular state or federal district, not by the victims or their After OJ Simpson was found not guilty in the criminal case, the families of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman sued him in the state (not federal) court in California for wrongfully causing their Civil lawsuits for wrongful death are tried for money damages, not to put the defendant in Civil cases are brought in the name of individuals, not in the name of the SDifferent evidence was introduced in the OJ Simpson civil and criminal For example, although OJ Simpson denied it, evidence was presented in the civil trial that OJ Simpson owned a pair of Bruno Magli shoes that matched shoeprints left at the murder OJ Simpson exercised his constitutional right against self-incrimination and chose not to testify in the criminal All defendants in criminal cases have this In the civil trial, OJ no longer had such a right because he had been found not guilty of murder and could not be tried again for He had to testify when the opposing side called him as a Thus, the jury in the civil case got to hear OJ's testimony while the criminal jury did In the criminal case, the jury got to see that the glove left at the scene of the crime did not fit OJ S This experiment was not repeated for the civil The jury in the criminal trial got a far stronger portrayal of the problems with the DNA and other scientific evidence in the case, and the poor management of the crime scene, than did the civil And the criminal jury got to hear the false testimony of Los Angeles police officer Mark Furman, who later admitted lying and pleaded guilty to Finally, the burden of proof in criminal and civil cases is In criminal cases, the standard is "proof beyond a reasonable " There is also a presumption of innocence that stays with the defendant until and unless the jury returns a guilty In civil cases, the standard of proof is "by a preponderance of the evidence," which essentially means "more likely than not," or put another way, proof by 51% or The jury's verdict in the civil case was not that OJ Simpson was guilty of murder, but that he was liable for (which essentially means responsible for causing) the deaths of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron GIn light of the different evidence presented, burdens of proof and ultimate issues the juries were called upon to decide, the verdicts in the criminal and civil trials were not really all that -- Jeralyn Merritt
The theory of criminal law of shallow understanding irrtumslehreLegal irrtumslehre, namely, refers to the illegality mistake for own behavior in law, whether what crime constitutes a crime shall be punished by, or what is wrong, is to oneself the legal nature of the action of meaning or Legal irrtumslehre usually includes three conditions: (1) the actor's behavior in law does not constitute a crime, the offender and constitutes a crime for which imaginary guilty, (2) the behavior in law constitutes a crime and does not constitute a crime, the offender mistaken assumptions that innocent, (3) for his act constitutes a crime shall be convicted and punishment in light of the existing errors, misunderstanding or Due to the legal irrtumslehre, only to the behavior of the offender is not correct understanding of the legal assessment, and for their actions in fact correct understanding of the situation is still there, so its act constitutes a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility is and how it is not usually （1）Imaginary innocent treatment principleThe principles for imaginary innocence, whether it involves a deliberately Foreign criminal law theory basically has the following kinds:1）Should know that don't speak, just for criminal facts have Canada criminal code article 19 regulation: "the ignorance of the law excuses and crime can be ShuZui " Motto: "Roman law and legal disclaimer" somehow also expressed a principle, namely: "in the crime as subjective FanYi established condition, not request to recognize his behavior of richtswitrig"2）Should know the reason, according to two: moral responsibility theory, personality responsibility Moral responsibility theory emphasizes on the rationality of free will blame illegal conduct, is considered to be objective 3）That said, the possible illegality of responsibility for deliberately, at least to the possibility of understanding While in China mainland, the introduction of the concept of crime has another concept -- social consciousness that harm to discuss richtswitrig already Because the deliberate crime according to law condemn the illegality of the offender is not known, the law itself is not damaged, the law of the social consciousness is Social harm consciousness is the essential contents of the crime, illegal consciousness is the legal form of social Therefore, our country law more emphasis is on the rationality of essence, which is harmful to the society Just because of its social harmfulness, with a social moral evaluation colour, easier for people to grasp and Therefore, the author thinks that, in general, the person need to recognize his behavior may be the result of inevitable or harmful to the society, and has already With intentionally But in fact, the forbidden by law and mass that is harmful to the society in our country nowadays the behavior under the constitution should be consistent, in other words, know the social harmfulness also know the possibility of illegal, but know the possibility of illegal is inevitable should also realize social harmfulness, both are Therefore, it is generally thought that the law is no excuse, the reason of law does not exclude the misunderstanding in principle, but can be culpable for deliberately （2） Misunderstandings treatment PunishmentWe might as well so the essence of blame for his due: the crime in the subjective should blame or blame, for the intent or negligence If the offender because of misunderstanding that legal person feels very innocent, lack of this should blame or condemning sexual, from the fundamental measure, blame is absolutely not consider Especially in the modern society, the legal category SAN marino, legal entry in different fields and different levels of books, recognized, comprehend legal apparently endless and same, so the person of law and misunderstandings, not Now, both in theory and practice, the method not cling to forgive "seems to have in Therefore, to a certain extent, can also think admits exceptions excusable is legal misunderstanding of criminal law is an important symbol of In addition, it was not in the act of which is prohibited by the laws and regulations, especially after a circumstance, should have knowledge of richtswitrig actor, constitute the understanding of deliberate point of view, with the attitude of this understanding, of course, that is not the illegality or by the simple statement The author thinks that the only when the legal establishment of may, FangKeZu but The fact mistakeThat mistake, is to determine its subjective behavior nature and the criminal responsibility of the relevant facts wrong From the wrong reasons and phenomenon of angles, generally known that there are several mistakes:（1） Object irrtumslehreThe object is known for errors, whether there is objectively error It includes actor in the implementation of the existing criminal behavior of the hazards for the object and actually does not exist, or for criminal object and actually does not exist, or infringe a criminal object and actually invaded another crime The object of objects is usually known errors caused by mistake, but the object of different social relationship reflects Evil doer of objects and actual expected in fact not only harm object does not agree, and in the nature of law is not Therefore, the object irrtumslehre may affect the form of sin, crime accomplishment, and may even attempted to influence the For example, in view of the circumstances, not a thought before the enemy, and a party came to stick, afterwards just know the ox was A thought of damage is "people", and the actual wounded is "cow", do not belong to the same laws of the Similar situation and will generally be mistaken for drug trafficking items, Actor will stolen items in the theft of guns in stealing This object from the subjective errors, see, is a kind of mistake, From the objective, because the mistake crime to no avail, where the criminal attempted 1）Object mistakeObjects can be generalized mistake, including object mistake to belong to the object know mistake is inevitable object These include, is known to be wrong object of legal property of the same object mistake and legal properties of different objects, namely the object irrtumslehre In order to distinguish with the object mistake here, the cognition to the same object only mean error between the different objects, namely the misunderstanding of the evil doer expected objects and actual harm to the object, but not in fact in the legal nature of the same This object mistake again say things on purpose mistake not criminal As a reserve, killing b shall be killed as b and c, do not affect a This is the need to consider that a kill b behavior "mistake" cause others (c), belong to an intentional crime (b) "death", for the excess result, according to the results, which determine the ordinary mail of death was deliberately recognized for deliberately, to the death of the fault is propylene, identified as negligence, according to the intention or negligence of the general mark recognized FanYi or state of mind, not applicable rules of the 2） Behavior irrtumslehreBehavior mainly includes two kind of mistake: first, the behavior nature That actor has to its social harm nature, such as understanding not imaginary Behavior nature mistake might affect the form of sin, and may also affect Second, the behavior tools (methods) That person to use when the conduct of tool (methods), which affects not correct understanding of harm results, behavior tools (methods) mistake can affect crime or attempted was founded, also can affect crime or belongs to the incident, a typical for murder on hazardous substances, because the drug failure and failed to kill people, can think method or tools for error doer of consciousness beyond reason not to And as actor see armour, second coming together, hence shot to play, but can't hit by the party Look, this is from the phenomenon of an object, or the final results for the mistake, but this error is based on the fact that the wrong doer identify offender is carefully identify to begin, can think recognize is accurate, errors in ChaWu The solution to this situation, "said", its legal with qualitative and recognize wrong object is consistent, namely directly recognized as an intentional homicide The death of a person is directly intentionally to b, death is the indirect intentional, just for a to b is attempted, Additionally, if in daily life because misidentification object and damage of consequences, the crime itself is not just any criminal negligence because of 3)Causality irrtumslehreCausality mistake, is on his behavior and harmful results of actual connection between Generally include: first, not some harm result, as has happened This generally constitute a Second, has certain harm result, but not for actor or for his behavior is caused, and does not affect crime Third, really happened, the offender is aware of its behavior, but with the actual development between the harm to the process or a mistake, general to punish crime In theory, the offender is not only a crime, but continuous movement, this several continuous action is not a few crime, but a In this sense, doesn't exist on the results of the Legal irrtumslehre and facts mistake and proceduresDomestic scholars in fact know mistakes and errors between the issue legal representative views mainly include:（1）For own behavior whether in law constitutes a crime, criminal or what kind of criminal punishment shall be under the incorrect understanding is legal irrtumslehre for his behavior on the implementation of the incorrect understanding is the fact that mistake,（2）The objectivity of crime is a false understanding of crime, that mistake of objective facts have clear understanding, only to act in the evaluation of existing laws on the concept of law is not correct mistakes。（3）Actor known facts and actual fact don't agree is wrong, the person that judgment and objective law is law of illegal inconsistency These ideas basically could in theory and legal irrtumslehre fact distinguish mistakes, it is important to emphasize that：1) With the conviction that the so-called irrelevant, as this mistake to hit each other, the shooting head caused the death of heart, without vision of research into 2) Study of the theory of error, error occurs when the purpose, but whether to intentionally resistance, reduce plots affected only the wrong cognition, natural sentencing nor will it into the error theory 3) This does not constitute a crime and actor for crime, and for their behavior in the criminal law on the crimes and how to apply for criminal punishment on such specific knowledge error, conviction according to Based on this, the author thinks that, at the fact that criminal law is only to know wrong doer of elements to know the so-called objective facts constituents of mistake is the fact that the legal irrtumslehre error refers to the legal action is illegal and the evaluation of the From the theory of facts and legal irrtumslehre error, but the problem is in the law, criminal elements to the facts and law closely combined circumstances (like some administrative crimes and economic crimes), or is in a fact itself contains certain laws of evaluation content, to distinguish with a mistake is the fact that mistake or legal wrong, is often If the property of his humanity and obscenity obscenity, administrative rules and regulations, JinYuOu, disrupt public until its precondition of the legitimacy of the public, and legal irrtumslehre facts wrong intertwined, and this is what we distinguish facts and legal irrtumslehre errors will solve the In some cases, the defendant should know that because of the lack of knowledge, and not to the behavior of social harmfulness, so that the defendant is not "knowledge they will entail harmful consequences to society, and hope or allows such results" and deliberate crime, the burden of proof is only FanYi prosecution, in addition, prosecution without proof the defendant not normal, but normal mental and spiritual normal presumption defendant directly if the defendant that his spirit is not normal, it shall provide necessary evidence by himself to Thus, the author, on legal irrtumslehre processing, can adopt the presumption of ways to Which country presumption every normal citizens are known, unless the law can put forward defense "advantage prove" above, or the evidence rebut these presumption is From the efficiency of lawsuit, said the country is impossible to prove the defendant is known of the
The emergence of the institution of compensation for mental injury indicates the development of social civilization development has reached a new With the development of society, the increasingly rich material life, people pay more attention to the spirit realm of life, civil main body their personal rights are infringed upon by requiring the infringer remedies by property compensation civil legal system has been the world wide approval, at present our country's spiritual damage compensation system is still exists serious defects, based on the concept of the institution of compensation for mental injury, scope and some legal provisions in China was analyzed, institution of compensation for mental injury problems and to perfect the institution of compensation for mental injury provide constructability Suggestions, making it a better protection of the legal rights of the Keywords: Spiritual damage compensation Legislative defects perfect State compensation