In today's society has stepped into information age, text, sound, image is the carrier of information, and is the largest storage space of the Image in the process of transmission and access to noise pollution inevitably, and image noise seriously affects the post-processing of the image, such as image feature extraction, coding, and directory detection segmentation, In order to improve image quality and subsequent levels of processing demand, noise on image processing is image preprocessing is an important In this paper, the image of the median filtering algorithm and mean filtering algorithm are First of all, this paper first introduces several common image noise and gaussian noise, salt and pepper noise and multiplicative noise, and expounds their reasons ?
Since Manchurian Incident took place and fake Manchukuo been built,northeast of china drop into Japanese he plunder of the northeast area of china is a hotspot issue in the local history In many research tasks about the history of fake Manchukuo ,the electric power industry in northeasten area is still unknown,no one set foot in this hence,the research of the electric power industry during the period of fake Manchukuo is a new cut-in point of the research in Japanese aggression he writer of this article use the measures of system analysis and computation research,through teasing the logic relations of the historical facts,meanwhile analysing relative datum to recover relatively clear history so as to give readers a real and exact picture of the northeasten electric power industry in this And writer conclude some valuable experiense to be used for reference in the society The whole text can be devided into four part one demonstrates the general situation of the development of the northeasten electric power industry before the Manchurian Incident taken part two introduce particularly on the construction and run of the Manchukuo electric power part three makes a material description of the monopolization after it was set to the northeasten electric power part four analyses the influence and real significance the Manchukuo eletricity had made on the management in northeasten area and put forward idiographic opinions and advices
Today's society has entered the information age, text, sound, images are the carrier of information, and the occupied space is the largest store The inevitable process of images acquired in transmission and in being the noise pollution, the image noise seriously affects the latter part of the image processing, feature extraction, image coding, segmentation and directory detection In order to improve the image quality and the subsequent high-level processing needs, noise of the image processing has become an important task in image This dissertation focuses on the research of image median filtering algorithm and mean filtering First of all, this paper introduces several common image noise, the Gauss noise, salt and pepper noise and multiplicative noise, this reason, their, and mathematical Then introduced the method for image denoising: spatial domain denoising technology and transform domain denoising Then explains the evaluation method for image denoising, denoising methods commonly The advantages and disadvantages of the in-depth analysis of mean filter and median filter algorithm and Keywords: noise, mean filter, median filter
Since 9 • 18 Incident, after the establishment of Manchukuo, the Northeast fell into Japanese Northeast Japan Northeast History of looting has been a hot Manchukuo period of the Northeast in various research topics in history, the history of the Northeast Electric Power Industry is still blank, never been involved in this Therefore, the northeast region of Manchukuo during the power industry can be said that the history of Japanese aggression, the new entry This author studies the use of system analysis and the measurement method, by the logic of facts to sort out, while the data analysis related to the reduction of a more accurate history, so readers of this period the Northeast power industry has a more true, accurate impression, and it might sort out some lessons to be used for social development Full-text is divided into four The first part elaborates 9 • 18 Incident overview of Northeast Electric Power Development; the second part describes in detail the formation of Manchukuo Electrical C, L and its structure and operation; The third part is the full establishment of the Northeast Electric Power Industry The monopoly has done a detailed exposition; fourth part of the full power of the northeast business impact and relevance, and put forward concrete proposals and
通常来说现在的论文摘要翻译要注意的是有关时态基本上有两种:一般现在时、一般过去时。由于学术论文写作通常采用一般现在时,摘要也多用一般现在时。目的、方法、结果及结论部分多用一般现在时,背景介绍常采用一般过去时。一般现在时用于描述研究目的和范围、研究内容、结果和结论;一般过去时用于描述论文撰写前作者已做的工作,也可用于表示转述已发表文献的报导、讨论和研究内容。具体的细节信息，你可以来58期刊网看看。
Summary:The paper put foreword a thought of dividing nerve centre by using five elements theory,which identifies the nerve centre as five sectors and correspond to zang-organs and fu-This tought is regarded as a supplyment of the nerve centre theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and a theoretical foundation for researches in the following fields such as shaping factors and treatments of cancers,hypochondria ,schizophrenia and Moreover it also provide possibility to the combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Western Medicine
论文摘要体现了论文的关键核心内容，是论文翻译的重要内容。在翻译科技论文时，我们可以适当地使用被动语态，使整个文章更加客观。被动语态的表达方式可以扩大句子的信息量，突出相关的概念。同时，要注意论文涉及的关键词翻译要准确、经得起推敲。
在2010版的word内就有这个功能。（选中要翻译的文字，点击鼠标右键弹出任务栏中就有“翻译”选项，点击“翻译”，选择英文翻译，再把光标置于要插入文本点点击插入就ok啦。另外还可以下载翻译小工具，直接进行翻译就搞定了。我帮你翻：The relationship between accounting regulation and tax law issues is a complex issue, market-oriented economic development in the course of the difference between the two will gradually have an adverse impact on economic development, how to better deal with the differences between the two has become China's economy reform process of the outstanding 。Differences in accounting standards and tax laws, and in the accounting and property tax measures taken by the different accounting and tax law, "the authenticity of the principle of" different, accounting "sound principle" and tax "payments to determine" the difference in accounting "importance of the principles "and tax" legal principle "and the accounting and tax 。differences on the" substance over form "understanding and implementation differen。Differences between accounting and tax accounting exist mainly due to the legislative goals and purposes of various tax, corporate accounting must adhere to the "accrual" basis, the enterprise must consider the International Accounting Standards, and economic Tax laws should be based on the provisions of this tax
论文翻译软件比较多，比如百度、谷歌、有道等等，软件其实大同小异吧。
论文翻译软件：1、CNKI翻译助手CNKI翻译助手是“中国知网”开发的大型在线辅助翻译系统，词汇、句子均可进行翻译检索。系统对翻译请求中的每个词给出准确翻译和解释，同时给出大量与翻译请求在结构上相似、内容上相关的例句。120余万常用词汇、专业词汇、词条以及1000余万例句，形成海量中英在线词典和双语平行语料库。内容涵盖自然、社会科学的各个领域。2、Google语言工具Google语言工具界面更友好。不仅支持中文与英文互译，也可以直接与英、法、德、等大语种或捷克、朝鲜语等小语种进行语无伦次的互译。可自动检测语言。在进行翻译时可选择·检测语言·的选项，Google会自动猜测语言的种类，省却很多麻烦。总得来说google的翻译功能很强大。3、生物医药大词典生物医药大词典，提供生物医药领域专业人员的写作、阅读和翻译的方便，最终实现自我编辑，自我完善的公共词典。用户可以进行简体中文，英文，繁体中文，缩略语任意组合模糊查询。目前收录的词汇超过120万条，并正在不段增加中。4、微软WindowsLive在线翻译这是软件专门用于提供翻译服务的网站，微软的翻译还是相当准确的，每次最多翻译500字，同时也提供网站全站翻译，支持多种语言。5、金山爱词霸最老牌的在线词典。词汇主要是从金山词霸整理而来，解释权威准确；用户也可以添加爱心词典，这部分词汇的准确性无法保证。常用词汇提供了真人发音和相关词汇释意。
你下的已经够全的了！我知道的有，有道翻译，灵格斯（Lingoes，我看了不少介绍翻译软件的网站都推荐灵格斯，有个什么五大翻译软件的排名，他好像排第二呢，反正是广受好评），金山（这个也不错，我姐是英语老师，她们老师也常用这个），谷歌翻译（这个一般，不太稳定，有时候翻译的很准，有时候简直不是人话，跟抽风一样），韦氏词典（这个很专业！我原来不知道这个，但是后来好几个人向我推荐，说是这个的释义最专业！备考GRE的人常用它），必应（这个在线翻译据说也很不错，但是在中国不太普及，在国外很常用，既然是美赛那就很有用了），这些足够了。。。。。。。
美赛翻译论文可以用谷歌翻译，百度翻译，也可以下知云翻译，重点是要保证翻译内容的信达雅。
In the era of mass communication, networks of book publishing has had a significant Research network of communication and publication of best-selling book has a strong relationship between the significance of the In this paper, the analysis of propagation characteristics of the network based on the combination of best-selling book of fiction published in the situation, the use of basic theories of mass communications research network to disseminate knowledge of literature published by the impact of best-selling Paper to further explore the best-selling book published literature as well as the development trend of the At the same time, a combination of related papers is also the case in the network environment to the spread of self- In this paper, to study the networks of the best-selling book published literature in favor of analysis of the impact of the network to spread this type of atmosphere in literature is the development of best-selling book, and book publishers is how to spread the use of big books for environment-related publicity In this paper, the method is the use of literature retrieval method and theoretical analysis, and dissemination of comparative analysis of the network representation of Literature under the best-selling By looking for information and related theoretical analysis, is conducive to better research networks best-selling book on the literature published in the impact of networks in the study found that the spread of the characteristics and advantages, as well as best-selling book on the literature generated by the publication of the pros and cons dissemination of how to use the network more popular and best-selling book help to better sales of best-selling 既然是论文摘要，老师都不检查的，放心吧。
Shaft products are widely used in various fields of machinery, such as automobile, agricultural machinery and so on, its power conversion and energy conversion plays the role Spline shaft gear is our life and production, one of the more common shaft, which is composed of three parts by the spline, flat shaft, gears, connected by means of spline points: inside and outside Spline Spline, by type, : rectangle spline and Involute Spline, Spline Shaft power transmission shaft than the other products, because the hole axis with the hub directly and evenly produced more tooth and slot, the joint acceptance more uniform; by shallow groove, the tooth root stress concentration of the small shaft and hub to weaken the strength of less; more teeth, the larger the total contact area, which can withstand greater loads; axis parts with the axis of neutral, and this high-speed and precision machinery is very important;-oriented, and this dynamic linking is very important, also has good gear transmission, the number of teeth because it more closely meshing gears meshing with the gear gap between the small role: The main control of the speed of mechanical operation, as well as mutual energy transfer, the use of the Spline gear shaft line of processing is as follows: → car at both ends of cutting surface, drilling central hole of the cylindrical Rough → → → quenched Hole Research Center Xiu → semi-refined car of the cylindrical tank cars → → → chamfering hobbing milling keyway → → → Hole Research Center repair mill → test Roughing process in our main attention is the rough size of the option (size) and must be good at both ends of the center bore, This is a test of our ability to process the first step in qualifying products, followed by semi-finishing in a certain amount of good grid positions to size, leaving a good amount of wear, including the modulation of the workpiece, heat treatment, such as heat treatment to choose the right way spline and gear machining process must be selected carefully tuned machine tools and multi-purpose model and micrometer measuring tools, in order to avoid detection errors, the final finishing phase of the various parts of the workpiece processing precision, the main mill site on the left further precision grinding process to achieve the requirements of size, after finishing the workpiece has been finished, the inspection staff to be detected, after the correct product Another shaft is between the shaft and shaft sleeve or shaft and co-ordination among the mutual friction between them inkstone Cooperation harm caused by their own, so in order to improve the service life of shaft that we should accept a regular basis in direct torque and power lubricants, such as parts of application to extend the life of Keywords: shaft, transmission, gear, and
This article describes a AT89C51 microcontroller with MAX262 chip-based programmable MAX262 is a two-second order switched-capacitor filter, you can preciselycontrol the filter transfer function through SPI Independent programming set Center frequency and quality factors to achieve intelligent AD603 is a low-noise programmable integrated operations manager, can be controlled by controlling the VG amplifier ALE pins of the microcontroller is made available to the MAX262 as the clock after the signal frequency 或 This article introduces one kind based on at89C51 monolithic integrated circuit and the MAX262 chip program control MAX262 is the pair of two step switch electric capacity active filter, may through the SPI main line accuracy control filter's transfer The independent programming establishes its center frequency and the quality factor realizes the intelligent AD603 is one kind of low noise may the program control integration operation place, through controls VG then to control the enlargement Monolithic integrated circuit's ALE pin produces signal after the frequency division may provide for MAX262 takes the clock This system design is by part constitutions and so on amplifier, filter, frequency divider and control module, uses AD603 and MAX262 unifies, realizes the gain to establish as well as to satisfy high, the low filter parameter Key word: Program control filter; Gain amplification; Frequency division; Demonstration
the production of school work with the new te4chonologies could be a significant stimulus to How should these new technologies be introduced into the schools?It isn't enough to call for computers,camcorders and edit suites in every classroom;unless they are properly integrated into the educational culture,they will stand Many people in our eara are drawn to the pessimistic view that the new media are destroying old skills and eroding critical It maybe true that past generations were more literate but-taking the pre-19thcentury meaning of the term-this was true of only a small section of the The word literacy is the 19th-century coinage to describe the divorce of reading and writing from a full knowledge of The education reforms of the 19th century produced reading and writing as skills separable from full participation in the cultural The new media now point not only to a futuristic cyber-economy,they also make our cultural past available to the whole It is doubtful whether our literary heritage has ever been available to or sought out by more than about 5per cent of the population;ithas certainly not been available to more than 10per But the new media joined to the old,through the public service tradition of British broadcasting,now makes our literary tradition abailable to 找勒点例子给你～
放在标题下关键词上一般是200字
英文摘要一般翻译成汉语,用在论文里面然后把出处即参考文献放在最后
如果毕业论文整篇都是英文写的话，摘要应该是要放在关键词之后的吧
在2010版的word内就有这个功能。（选中要翻译的文字，点击鼠标右键弹出任务栏中就有“翻译”选项，点击“翻译”，选择英文翻译，再把光标置于要插入文本点点击插入就ok啦。另外还可以下载翻译小工具，直接进行翻译就搞定了。